杨元义 ,杨超






摘 要:地图创建和同步定位技术(SLAM)是移动机器人开发的核心技术,是智能移动机器人实现自主和半自主移动的关键,论文基于SLAM对机器人的运动控制系统进行设计。首先采用具有免费、开源优势且注重易用性、安全便捷性的ROS平台实现移动机器人的SLAM技术,利用自适应蒙特卡罗定位算法估计移动机器人位姿,通过贝叶斯算法构建网络地图。其次是路径规划算法对移动机器人运动路径进行规划,使得移动机器人沿着规划路径行走,实现移动机器人的自主移动功能。最后是将设计的移动机器人应用于智能采摘试验中,其算法最长用时为7 s,平均用时为6.7 s,能够很好地满足预期的效果。本论文的研究对移动机器人应用于智能生产实践中具有一定的参考价值。
关键词:移动机器人;定位与导航;运动控制;系统设计
中图分类号:TP242.3 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1001-5922(2021)12-0107-05
Design of Robot Motion Control System based on SLAM
Yang Yuanyi, Yang Chao
(Yantai Vocational College, Yantai 264670, China)
Abstract:Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is the core technology of mobile robot development and the key to realize autonomous and semi autonomous movement of intelligent mobile robot. This paper designs the robot motion control system based on slam. Firstly, the slam technology of the mobile robot is realized by using the ROS platform which has the advantages of free and open source, pays attention to ease of use, safety and convenience, estimates the pose of the mobile robot by using the Adaptive Monte Carlo positioning algorithm, and constructs the network map by Bayesian algorithm. Secondly, the path planning algorithm plans the motion path of the mobile robot, makes the mobile robot walk along the planned path, and realizes the autonomous movement functions of the mobile robot. Finally, the designed mobile robot is applied to the intelligent picking experiment. The longest time of the algorithm is 7 s and the average time is 6.7 s, which can well meet the expected effect. The research of this paper has a certain reference value for the application of mobile robot in intelligent production practice.
Key words:Mobile Robot; Positioning and Navigation; Motion Control; The System Design
0 引言
机器人技术的快速发展使得移动机器人在清洁、维修等领域得到了广泛的应用,对智能移动机器人开发的关键是机器人自主定位与导航。同步定位与映射(simultaneous localization and mapping,SLAM)是解决智能移动机器人自主定位与导航的核心技术,即移动机器人在未知的环境条件下从一个未知的位置移动,同时在移动的过程中结合位置与地图进行自身定位,且在自身定位的基础上构建增量式地图。机器人操作系统(Robot Operating System,ROS)是专门为机器人软件所开发设计的电脑操作系统架构,其提供了一组工具、库和驱动程序,以帮助开发具有硬件抽象的机器人应用程序[1-2]。……