兰州百合试管小鳞茎膨大及碳水化合物变化规律研究

裴怀弟 李琦 李淑洁 张敏敏 王立光 石有太

摘要：为了探明兰州百合小鳞茎的生长及膨大规律，以添加不同浓度蔗糖处理为依据，明确小鳞茎生根膨大培养基以1/2MS+0.2 mg/L NAA +70 g/L蔗糖为最适。在此浓度基础上对兰州百合试管小鳞芽进行1次和2次膨大培养，分别在培养30、50、70、90 d时测定小鳞茎鲜重、干重、糖及淀粉含量。结果表明，随着培养天数的增加，兰州百合1次和2次膨大小鳞茎单粒鲜重和干重均呈增加趋势，且2次膨大较1次膨大效果显著。1次膨大小鳞茎可溶性糖、果糖和淀粉含量均随培养天数的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势，且变化趋势基本一致;蔗糖含量随着培养天数的增加呈上升趋势，与培养30 d相比，培养50～90 d时蔗糖含量明显增加，且达极显著差异。随培养天数的增加，2次膨大小鳞茎可溶性糖和蔗糖含量变化趋势较平缓，各培养时期差异不明显;果糖含量呈降低趋势，与培养30 d相比，培养50～90 d时果糖含量显著降低;淀粉含量呈增加趋势，在培养90 d时达最大值。

关键词：兰州百合;试管小鳞茎;膨大;碳水化合物

中图分类号：S644.1     文献标志码：A      文章编号：1001-1463（2021）12-0005-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.12.002

Regularity of Enlargement and Carbohydrate Changes

in Bulblets in vitro of Lanzhou Lily

PEI Huaidi， LI Qi， LI Shujie， ZHANG Minmin，WANG Liguang， SHI Youtai

（Institute of Biotechnology， Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Lanzhou Gansu 730070， China）

Abstract：The regularity of growth and enlargement of Lanzhou lily bulbs was investigated in this work. The optimal rooting expansion medium was 1/2MS+0.2 mg/LNAA+70 g/L sucrose based on the treatment with different sucrose concentrations. The bulblets were further cultured for enlargement once and twice， the fresh weight， dry weight， sugar content and starch content of bulblets were measured on 30 d， 50 d， 70 d and 90 d during culturing period. The results showed that the fresh weight and dry weight of bulblets of Lanzhou lily were increased at first and second enlargement with the increase of the cultivation days， and the effect of second enlargement was more significant than the first enlargement. With the increase of cultivation days， the content of soluble sugar， fructose and starch of bulblets showed almost the identical trend of increasing and then decreasing in the first enlargement， the starch content showed an upward trend， and the content increased significantly from 50 d to 90 d， compared with 30 d， it showed significant increase. With the increase of cultivation days， the soluble sugar and sucrose content of bulblets showed a gentle trend， and there was no obvious difference between each culture period. The fructose content showed a decreasing trend， it was significantly decreased at 50～90 d compared with that at 30 d. The starch content showed an increasing trend， and reached the maximum value at 90 d of culture period.

Key words：Lanzhou lily;Bulblets in vitro;Enlargement;Carbohydrate

蘭州百合（Lilium davidii var.unicolor）是百合科（Liliaceae）百合属（Lilium） 川百合的变种，为多年生鳞茎草本植物，其鳞茎具有营养和滋阴养肺等功效，是我国食用百合中唯一的甜百合。百合在甘肃已有400多年的栽培历史，因其兼具一定的药用价值，被国家卫生部确定为“药食同源”植物，也是甘肃省重要的地理标志产品和重要的名优特农产品之一[1 - 3 ]。长期以来，兰州百合主要以分球繁殖、珠芽和鳞片扦插等无性繁殖方式为 主[4 ]，长期采用易感染病害，造成种性退化，严重影响百合的产量和品质。……