甘肃特色优势农产品 — 敦煌红地球葡萄系统评价

郝燕 朱燕芳 郭荣 李玉斌 刘生虎 王玉安

摘要：从产地环境、生产过程、果品安全质量和果实品质等方面对敦煌红地球葡萄进行系统评价。结果表明，敦煌气候生态条件符合红地球葡萄最适宜区条件。土壤中有害金属含量均符合《绿色食品产地环境质量》（NY/T 391 — 2013）标准规定。果实样品中9种农药残留限量未检出或小于最低检测临界值，果实安全性达到标准要求。葡萄平均穗重达1 225.6 g，单粒重为10.0 g，果实中水分含量845 g/kg，果实硬度为4.1 kg/cm2，维生素C含量为21.3 mg/kg，可滴定酸含量为3.2 g/kg，可溶性固形物含量为195.6 g/kg，果糖含量85.6 g/kg，葡萄糖含量73.3 g/kg，酒石酸含量4.5 g/kg。综合敦煌红地球葡萄果实外观、主要理化指标以及品质营养等，其综合评价为优。

关键词：敦煌;红地球葡萄;综合评价

中图分类号：S663.1       文献标志码：A       文章编号：1001-1463（2021）12-0035-05

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.12.008

Evaluation for Red Globe Grape in Dunhuang of Characteristic and Advantageous Agricultural Products in Gansu Province

HAO Yan 1， ZHU Yanfang 1， GUO Rong 2， LI Yubin 1， LIU Shenghu 2， WANG Yu’an 1

（1. Institute of Fruit and Floriculture Research， Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Lanzhou Gansu 730070， China; 2. Dunhuang Agricultural Technology Extension Center， Dunhuang Gansu 736200， China）

Abstract：Dunhuang Red Globe grapes were used as test material， the grape production environment， production process， fruit safety and quality were systematically evaluated. The results showed that the climate and ecological conditions of Dunhuang accorded with the most suitable conditions for Red Globe grape in China.The harmful metal content in soil was in accordance with The Green Food-Environmental Quality for Production Area（NY/T 391 — 2013）. The residue limits of 9 pesticides in the fruit samples from 6 main planting towns in Dunhuang were not detected or less than the minimum detection threshold value， and the safety of the fruit met the standard requirements. The average cluster weight of grape was 1 225.6 g， the berry weight was 10.0 g， the water content was 845 g/kg， the fruit hardness was 4.1 kg/cm2， the vitamin C content was 21.3 mg/kg， the titratable acid content was 3.2 g/kg， the soluble solid content was 195.6 g/kg， the fructose content was 85.6 g/kg， the glucose content was 73.3 g/kg， the tartaric acid was 4.5 g/kg. To sum up， the comprehensive evaluation of Dunhuang Red Globe grape could be excellent in terms of fruit appearance， main physical and chemical indexes， quality and nutrition.

Key words：Dunhuang;Red Globe grape;Comprehensive evaluation

在世界范圍内，葡萄作为第三大水果，其栽培面积基本稳定。我国作为鲜食葡萄起源演化地，栽培面积和产量均居世界前列[1 - 2 ]。甘肃作为优质葡萄产区之一，生产优势明显[3 ]。敦煌作为甘肃省鲜食葡萄主要产区，2016年鲜食葡萄栽培面积、产量分别占全省的67.80%、78.41%[4 ]。

敦煌市地处甘肃省河西走廊最西端，位于甘、青、新三省区交汇处，总面积3.12万km2。属于典型的暖温带大陆性干旱气候，位于北纬40度国际公认的葡萄栽培黄金纬度带[5 ]。据史料记载，敦煌是最早将欧亚种葡萄传入中原的地区之一。悠久的葡萄栽培历史，使得敦煌市成为西北具有文化底蕴支持的特色鲜食葡萄生产基地，被评为“全国优质葡萄生产基地”“全国兴果富农百强县市”，2012年“敦煌葡萄”获得国家地理标志保护产品认证。……