赵仰徽


摘要:为了优化旱作区玉米施肥技术,采用随机区组设计,对缓释氮肥和常规氮肥不同用量和施用时期进行了比较。结果表明,施N 75~225 kg/hm2时,同一施氮水平下,缓释氮一次性基施的效果明显优于常规氮肥2次施肥,产量随施氮量增加而呈先增后减趋势。在300 kg/hm2高施氮量下,常规施肥大喇叭口期追施具有明显的优势,较不施肥处理增产119.0%,缓释氮处理玉米产量有所下降。综合考虑,缓释氮一次性基施省工省时,符合半干旱区全膜双垄沟播玉米生产实际。
关键词:玉米;缓释氮肥;减量;施肥
中图分类号:S513 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-1463(2021)12-0060-03
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-1463.2021.12.014
Comparative Analysis of Fruit Setting and Fruit Quality of New Fresh Tomato Lines
ZHANG Li 1,2, HU Zhifeng 1,2, SHAO Jingcheng 1,2
(1. Institute of Vegetable, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China; 2. Northwest Vegetable Science Observation and Experimental Station, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Gansu 730070, China)
Abstract:In order to screen out good fresh tomato cultivars(lines) suitable for planting in Gansu Province, the fruit setting, fruit quality indexes and fruit sensory organs of five new lines of medium and large fresh tomato bred by vegetable Research Institute of Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences were compared and analyzed with fresh tomato cultivars Jinpeng 3 and Dongnong 712 as control. The results showed that Large fruit fresh tomato lines 2014-B8 and 2013-B16 were superior to the control cultivars Jinpeng 3,Dongnong 712 and other tested cultivars in terms of fruit setting, but had poor fruit quality indexes and sensory comprehensive evaluation. Large fruit fresh tomato strain 2009-B21 is a new strain of fresh tomato with high quality and excellent fruit quality index and sensory evaluation, and should be promoted as a fresh tomato cultivars(line)suitable for cultivation in Gansu province.
Key words:Tomato;Cultivars(Line);Fresh food;Fruit setting;Fruit quality index;Fruit sensory evaluation
玉米是甘肃省主要的粮食、饲料和经济作物,20世纪90年代,随着覆膜技术在甘肃省的引进、试验、改进和大面积应用,使玉米产量大幅度提高,种植面积逐年上升。由于全膜双垄沟播技术的应用,甘肃省旱地玉米产量大幅度提高,取得了明显的经济效益[1 - 2 ]。但地膜覆盖造成了追肥不便,再加上旱区降水时空分布与玉米需水需肥关键期不同步的矛盾,导致追肥困难、肥效迟缓,往往造成玉米生长后期脱肥减产,氮肥利用率较低,达不到预期目标[3 - 4 ]。某些区域玉米种植还存在养分配比不合理、氮肥过量使用、利用率低等问题。为了优化旱作区玉米施肥技术,进一步提高玉米产量,我们利用缓释肥产品,以研究解决追肥难、养分损失大等问题,以期为提高养分利率提供参考。
1 材料与方法
1.1 试验地概况
试验设在会宁县西北部的汉岔镇赵岔村。……