植物胼胝质合成酶基因的鉴定和家族成员扩增方式分析

2021-01-23 22:55:01戴明丹冯珂张晔张智研孙俊玲张一名
廊坊师范学院学报(自然科学版) 2021年3期

戴明丹 冯珂 张晔 张智研 孙俊玲 张一名

【摘   要】   通过进化生物学方法对胼胝质合成酶(CalS)进行分析,对于获取的基因家族成员应用不同的系统进化方法分析。在该基因家族中获得了六个比较稳定的进化分支,并探究其进化关系和拷贝扩增方式。最后从33个植物物种内鉴定得到了317个CalS成员。分析发现,仅有高等植物(维管植物,Vascular plants)具有完整的CalS基因,其中苔藓植物和蕨类植物均有三种类型的CalS成员,被子植物主要有六种类型的CalS成员。CalS基因的扩增方式以片段重复为主,但也存在串联重复。

【关键词】   胼胝质合成酶;基因家族;进化;拷贝积累形式

Identification of CalloseSynthase Gene and Analysis of Amplification Pattern of Its Family Members in Plants

Dai Mingdan,Feng Ke, Zhang Ye,Zhang Zhiyan,Sun Junling,Zhang Yiming*

(Langfang Normal University, Langfang 065000 ,China)

【Abstract】 Evolutionary biology method is used to analyze the obtained gene family members, and different phylogenetic analysis methods are applied. Finally, six stable evolutionary branches of the gene family were obtained, and their evolutionary relationship and copy amplification mode were explored. In this study, 317 CalS members were identified from 33 plant species. It was found that only higher plants (vascular plants) had complete CalS genes. Moss and ferns had three types of CalS members, and angiosperms had six types of CalS members. The amplification of CalS gene copys was mainly in the form of heavy fragment, but there were also tandem repeats.

【Keywords】CalS;gene family;evolution;amplification of copies

〔中圖分类号〕  S666             〔文献标识码〕  A             〔文章编号〕 1674

0     引言

胼胝质合成酶(Callose Synthase,CalS)是以UDP-G(二磷酸尿苷葡糖)为底物催化合成胼胝质反应中一类重要的酶[1],而胼胝质是广泛存在于细胞中的多糖,其主要成分是β-1,3-葡聚糖,胼胝质的合成和降解涉及植物发育的各种过程、应对多种胁迫[2]和入侵病原的防御等[3],因此,胼胝质合成酶在保障植物进行正常生命活动中具有重要意义。

CalS属于葡聚糖合成酶(Glucan Synthase)家族[4],它是一种分子量较大的蛋白,具有多个跨膜结构域,含有3个保守的功能域Vta1(Vps twenty associated 1)、FKS1(FK506 sensitivity 1)和Glucan Synthase。许多植物都含有这一类基因,这些基因在细胞板形成、胞间连丝调节、筛孔及纤维形成、花粉发育、配子发育、韧皮部运输、气孔形成及抗逆境等过程中均有不同的调节功能。[5]而且CalS在胼胝质壁、胼胝质塞和花粉管壁的合成中起主导作用。[6]

CalS蛋白参与孢子发育是陆生植物具有的一个共同特征,但各个成员之间的进化关系少有报道[7]。……

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