新生儿黄疸128例病因探讨及中西医结合疗效分析

刘岩 杨春侠 张莹

[摘要] 目的 探讨新生儿黄疸的发病原因及中西医结合疗效分析。 方法 对北京市昌平区妇幼保健院自2018年6月至2019年6月收治的128例新生儿黄疸病例进行回顾性的系统分析，总结其发病原因，以及中西医结合治疗效果。 结果 本研究的128例新生儿黄疸病例中，围生因素86例，感染因素32例，母乳性黄疸26例，ABO溶血4例，先天性胆道闭锁1例，红细胞增多症2例。同时存在2种及2种以上病因的23例。中西医结合疗法治愈114例，好转11例，转诊3例。2例复发再次入院，经治疗后痊愈出院。 结论 针对新生儿黄疸的病因，采取中西医结合方法、及早对症治疗，则预后良好;并通过中医“治未病”的角度采取相应预防措施，减少发病，注重防治结合。

[关键词] 新生儿黄疸;病因;中西医结合;疗效分析

[中图分类号] R72          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）35-0070-04

Discussion on the etiology of 128 cases of neonatal jaundice and analysis of the curative effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine

LIU Yan1   YANG Chunxia2   ZHANG Ying2

1.Department of Pediatrics， Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Third Affiliated Hospital， Beijing   100029， China;2.Department of Pediatrics， Beijing Changping District Maternal and Child Health Hospital， Beijing   102200， China

[Abstract] Objective To explore the cause of neonatal jaundice and analyze the curative effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Methods A systematic retrospective analysis was performed on 128 neonatal jaundice cases admitted to the Beijing Changping District Maternal and Child Health Hospital from June 2018 to June 2019. The etiology and the effect of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were summarized. Results Among the 128 neonatal jaundice cases in this study， 86 were perinatal factors， 32 were infectious factors， 26 were breast milk jaundice， 4 were ABO hemolysis， 1 was congenital biliary atresia， and 2 were polycythemia. There were 23 cases with two or more causes at the same time. One hundred fourteen cases were cured， 11 were improved， and 3 were referred by integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Two cases relapsed and were readmitted to the hospital， and recovered and discharged after treatment. Conclusion For the etiology of neonatal jaundice， early symptomatic treatment of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine has a good prognosis. And through the perspective of "preventing disease" in traditional Chinese medicine， corresponding preventive measures have been taken to reduce the incidence and focus on the combination of prevention and treatment.

[Key words] Neonatal jaundice; Etiology; Integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Curative effect analysis

新生兒黄疸是新生儿时期常见症状之一，尤其是早期新生儿[1]，中医称其为“胎黄”，包含西医学的生理性黄疸和病理性黄疸。生理性黄疸是指单纯因胆红素代谢特点引起的暂时性黄疸，早产儿持续时间较长，除有轻微食欲不振外，无其他临床症状，一般不需特殊治疗，可自行消退;而病理性黄疸的致病因素较多，如不及时治疗可发生胆红素脑病，给患儿造成神经系统不可逆的损伤甚至危及生命。因此，对新生儿黄疸病因分析，进而有针对性的预防、监测和早期治疗是十分必要的。目前，对于新生儿黄疸的预防和治疗的研究较多，而中西医结合防治方面的研究并不多见。……