性别差异视角下网络问答社区减肥信息需求主题特征研究

王晋 支茵

摘 要：[目的/意义]生活习惯和饮食习惯等因素导致肥胖成为社会公众普遍关注的健康问题，减肥信息成为社会公众健康信息需求中的重要内容。文章对网络问答社区用户的减肥信息需求主题特征展开研究，主要关注不同性别用户减肥信息需求特征，为减肥信息服务的社会支持提供一定的帮助。[方法/过程]文章利用网络爬虫抓取“知乎”减肥话题下的问答文本数据，利用LDA主题模型对用户数据进行自动主题识别，通过分析主题特征发现用户减肥信息需求特征，并从性别差异视角分析不同性别用户的减肥信息需求差异。[结果/结论]用户减肥信息需求呈现出多样化、专业化的特点。网络社区用户在交流减肥信息的同时也在寻求情感的社会支持和获得情感的释放。男性用户的减肥信息需求更加科学化和专业化，注重身材的健美和营养的均衡;女性用户则更加关注能够快速改变身材外形的信息内容。

关键词：性别差异;网络问答社区;减肥信息;信息需求

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1008-0821.2021.02.009

〔中图分类号〕G252.0 〔文献标识码〕A 〔文章编号〕1008-0821（2021）02-0089-08

Abstract：[Purpose/Significance]Obesity caused by lifestyle and diet has already become a health problem of public concern，and weight loss information plays an important role in needs of information on public fitness.This research focuses on the thematic characteristics of weight loss information needs of users in the online Q&A community，mainly focuses on the gender differences of individual in information needs on weight loss，as support the related social services.[Method/Process]The research implemented a web crawler to extract pieces of original information in the‘Weight Loss Sectionin‘zhihu.com，from which the LDA model was utilized to analysis.With the illustrated pipeline，demands for losing weight were differentiated from the perspective of gender differences by thematic characteristic analysis.[Result/Conclusion]The representations of the information needs on weight loss were diversified and specialized，and people who engaged in discussion and interaction of messages like this，were at the same time，seeking for emotional support and release.In the view of gender gaps，male prefers more scientific and professional information，keeping their body shape and balanced diet.Female was in favor of the content that leads a rapid change on their figure.

Key words：gender differences;Q&A community;weight loss information;information needs

中國互联网络信息中心（CNNIC）发布的第46次《中国互联网络发展状况统计报告》显示，截至2020年6月我国网民规模达9.40亿，互联网普及率达67%[1]。庞大的网民规模和不断提升的互联网普及率反映出互联网与群众生活结合日趋紧密，互联网在人们日常信息获取中发挥着越来越重要的作用。随着人们健康信息需求的不断增长，互联网由于其信息资源丰富、使用便捷等特点，正在成为社会公众获取健康信息的重要渠道。……