基于浮游藻类生物完整性指数的永安河小流域健康评价

吕立鑫 王继华 祝亚楠 隋海潮 任氢欣 陈爽 车琦 崔红

摘要 [目的]根据2018年夏季对常州市永安河小流域10个样点进行浮游藻类及环境因子的监测，运用生物完整性的方法和理论，构建夏季永安河小流域浮游藻类生物完整性指数，评价夏季永安河小流域水生态健康状态。[方法]采用文献调查法筛选确定参照河流及参照点，对20个候选指标进行分布范围筛选、判别能力分析、参数间相关性分析等。[结果]获得了永安河小流域丰水期 P-IBI 指数的 5 个核心指标：藻类属的总数、硅藻属数量比例、小环藻属密度百分比、细小平裂藻属细胞密度和蓝藻门密度百分比。采用比值法统一各参数的量纲，累加后得到丰水期太湖 P-IBI 分值，并划分健康评价标准。[结论]应用 P-IBI 对研究区域水生态进行评价，1个样点评价结果为健康，7个样点评价结果为亚健康，2个样点评价结果为一般。

关键词 浮游藻类;生物完整性指数;永安河小流域;健康评价

中图分类号 X826 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2021）01-0048-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.01.013

Abstract [Objective]According to the monitoring of planktonic algae and environmental factors of 10 samples in the Yongan River small watershed in Changzhou City in summer 2018， the biological integrity method and theory were used to construct the biological integrity index of planktonic algae in the Yongan River small watershed in summer to evaluate the health status of aquatic ecology in the small watershed of Yongan River. [Method]The literature survey method was adopted to determine the reference rivers and reference points， and the 20 candidate indicators were screened for distribution range， discriminant analysis and correlation analysis. [Result]Five core indicators of the P-IBI index in the Yongan River small watershed during wet season： the total number of algae， the proportion of diatoms， the percentage of density of Cyclotella， the cell density of Schizophyllum， and the percentage of density of Cyanophyta. The ratio method was used to unify the dimensions of each parameter. After accumulation， the P-IBI score of Taihu Lake in wet season was obtained， and the health evaluation criteria were divided. [Conclusion]P-IBI was used to evaluate the aquatic ecology in the study area. One sample evaluation result was healthy， 7 sample evaluation results were sub-healthy， and 2 sample evaluation results were general.

Key words Planktonic algae;Biological integrity index;Yongan River small watershed;Health assessment

生物完整性指數（index of biotic integrity，IBI）由Karr在1981年提出，并以鱼类作为研究对象成功建立[1]。随后这一评价体系被广泛应用于大型底栖动物、周丛生物、浮游生物和大型水生植物等水生生物类群中[2-7]。IBI指数在流水和静水等不同水体评价中的应用效果以及在管理实践中的作用也得到越来越多学者的认可[8-11]。

浮游藻类是水体生态系统初级生产者，其群落直接影响上层食物链结构及整个生态系统的稳定，利用浮游藻类生物完整性指数（phytoplanktonic index of biotic integrity，P-IBI）评价水生态健康的研究已有报道。……