热带季风气候下降氧贮存对片烟外观与感官品质的影响

肖如武 肖柳宝 张少波 张小松 杨永强 劳传忠

摘要 在柬埔寨金边热带季风气候条件下研究降氧贮存对片烟外观与感官品质的影响，在楼房仓中烟叶堆内投放气调剂1.0～1.2 kg/箱、干燥剂0.25 kg/箱并用复合尼龙膜密封成为气调密封堆。结果表明，往堆内投入气调剂并密封后堆内氧气浓度迅速下降，并长期稳定在1%以下。经过12～18个月的贮存，THBOF自然醇化外观评分为86分，而密封降氧的外观评分为80分，B2OF自然醇化外观评分为88分，而密封降氧外观评分为82分，表明密封降氧对片烟颜色转深存在一定程度的抑制;THBOF密封降氧的感官评价总分为66.1分，比自然醇化高0.9分;B2OF密封降氧的感官评价总分为71.9分，比自然醇化高0.8分。密封降氧的2个处理在香气质、香气量、刺激性、余味等方面均略优于自然醇化。

关键词 片烟;降氧气调;品质;热带季风气候;自然醇化

中图分类号 TS44+4 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2021）01-0166-03

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.01.045

Abstract Under the tropical monsoon climate conditions， in Phnom Penh of Cambodia， the effects of controlled atmosphere storage on the appearance and sensory quality of tobacco strips were studied. The air conditioning agent 1.0-1.2 kg/box and desiccant 0.25 kg/box were put into the tobacco pile in the building warehouse and sealed with composite nylon membrane to become a modified atmosphere sealed stack. The results showed that after the air conditioning agent was put into the reactor and sealed， the oxygen concentration in the reactor dropped rapidly and remained stable below 1% for a long time. After 12-18 months of storage， the appearance evaluation of THBOF natural alcoholization was 86 points， while the sealed oxygen reduction was 80 points， the B2OF natural alcoholization was 88 points， and the sealed oxygen reduction was 82 points， indicating that the sealed oxygen reduction was effective. There was a certain degree of inhibition in the darkening of the smoke color; the sensory evaluation score of THBOF sealing and reducing oxygen was 66.1 points， which was 0.9 points higher than that of natural alcoholization， and the sensory evaluation of B2OF sealing oxygen reduction was 71.9 points， which was 0.8 points higher than that of natural alcoholization. The two treatments of sealing and reducing oxygen were slightly better than natural alcoholization in terms of aroma quality， aroma volume， irritation and aftertaste.

Key words Tobacco strips;Controlled atmosphere storage;Quality;Tropical monsoon climate;Natural alcoholization

復烤片烟烟叶必须经过一段时间的醇化来去除青杂气和土杂气，降低辛辣吸味，提高细腻度，以提高烟叶品质，达到卷烟工业的要求[1-4]。在长时间的醇化仓储过程中片烟常常因受到烟草甲等虫霉为害而造成损失，国内以及国际上通常采用磷化氢熏蒸杀虫法进行贮烟的害虫防治，但由于磷化氢属于剧毒杀虫剂、易燃易爆气体安全隐患较大、使用多年害虫抗性严重而使用受限[5-6]。近年来，因具有杀虫彻底、防霉效果好、绿色环保等优势，利用降氧气调对片烟进行杀虫防霉养护的降氧气调贮存法已在我国不少地区得到应用[7-9]。……