贵州绿茶品质状况综合评价

赵华富 周顺珍 王家伦 曹雨 郭灿

摘要 应用SPSS统计软件对贵州绿茶10项主要内含成分指标进行主成分分析和聚类分析，可将贵州绿茶分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类。第Ⅰ类贵州绿茶产品为高氨基酸型茶叶产品，氨基酸含量达4.29%，比总体平均值高出1.47%;第Ⅱ类贵州绿茶产品为高儿茶素（+C）型茶叶产品，其儿茶素含量均高于其他两类，此外该类型茶叶产品内含成分含量也较高，可以称之为茶叶内含成分较丰富型茶叶产品;第Ⅲ类贵州绿茶产品为内含成分丰富型茶叶产品，其大部分的茶叶内含成分均高于其他两类。总体来看，贵州绿茶内含成分丰富，丰富和较丰富型绿茶产品占分析总数的86.9%。

关键词 贵州绿茶;茶叶内含成分;品质;主成分分析法;聚类分析

中图分类号 TS272.5+1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2021）01-0172-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.01.047

Abstract Using SPSS statistical software to conduct principal component analysis and cluster analysis on 10 main components of Guizhou green tea， Guizhou green tea can be divided into categories I， Ⅱand Ⅲ.Category I Guizhou green tea products were high-amino acid tea products with an amino acid content of 4.29%， 1.47% higher than the overall average.Class ⅡGuizhou green tea products were high-catechin （+C） tea products， and their catechin content was higher than the other two types;in addition， this type of tea products also contained higher content of ingredients， which could be called tea products with richer ingredients.Class Ⅲ Guizhou green tea products were tea products with rich ingredients， most of which contained higher ingredients than the other two types.Overall， Guizhou green tea ingredients were abundant， rich and richer products accounted for 86.9%.

Key words Guizhou green tea;Ingredients of tea;Quality;Principal component analysis;Cluster analysis

貴州地处低纬度、高海拔茶区，气候条件优越，适宜茶树生长，境内拥有丰富的茶树种质群体资源，如贵定鸟王种、都匀毛尖种、石阡苔茶群体种，此外还分布着大量的野生茶树、古茶树[1-4]。茶树种植资源丰富是茶叶产品特性多样化的基础，贵州利用地方茶树群体种和外来种生产出一系列的名优茶产品，以及某些贵州茶叶企业尝试利用野生茶树资源、古茶树资源生产出的贵州特色茶叶产品，丰富着贵州茶叶市场。然而利用不同的茶树种质资源开发出来的贵州绿茶产品不仅能使贵州绿茶产品多样化，同时也使贵州绿茶产品各具特色，如利用高氨基酸茶树品种生产出的正安白……