渭河河势演变对仓西工程连年出险影响分析

梁林江 梁聪聪 张广林 陈海涛

摘 要：渭河大荔倉西控导工程对于保滩、护堤，控制弯道，稳定该段河势起到了重要的作用，但该工程近几年连续出险。分析工程出险原因，对于工程的安全运行，发挥工程应有的效益意义重大。从河势演变对工程安全影响的角度出发，对大荔仓西工程出险原因进行分析。结果表明：仓西工程对该河段河势的稳定有一定的控导作用;仓西工程河势变化对工程出险有一定的不利影响;顺流侧向淘刷是造成工程出险的主要原因。提出建议：密切关注河势的演变情况，掌握畸形河势的演变趋势，为进一步河道整治提供依据;汛期应加强巡河巡坝，尽早精准识别险情，制定科学的抢护方案。

关键词：河道整治;河势演变;工程险情;渭河

中图分类号：TV147;TV882.1文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.01.010

引用格式：梁林江，梁聪聪，张广林，等.渭河河势演变对仓西工程连年出险影响分析[J].人民黄河，2021，43（1）：48-52.

Analysis of Influence of Evolution of Weihe River Regime on Cangxi Projects Annual Risks

LIANG Linjiang1，2， LIANG Congcong3， ZHANG Guanglin1， CHEN Haitao4

（1.Shaanxi River and Reservoir Work Center， Xian 710018， China; 2.Ali Water Conservancy Bureau of Tibet，

Gaer 859400， China; 3.School of Science， Xian University of Technology， Xian 713300， China; 4.School of Water Resources，

North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power， Zhengzhou 450045， China）

Abstract：The Dali Cangxi Control Project of the Weihe River has played an important role in protecting beaches， embankments， controlling bends and stabilizing the section of the river， but the project has been in danger in recent years. It is of great significance for the safe operation of the project to give full play to the benefits of the project to analyze the causes of the dangerous situation in the project. From the perspective of the impact of river evolution on project safety， the paper analyzed the causes of Cangxi Project risk. According to the analysis， the Cangxi Project has a certain control effect on the stability of the river section; the change of the project has a certain adverse effect on the risk of the project; the lateral flushing along the downstream is the main reason for the project. It puts forward the following suggestions： To pay close attention to the evolution of the river regime， grasp the evolution trend of the deformed river regime and provide basis data for further river management; During the flood season， river and dam inspection tour should be strengthened， the dangers should be accurately identified as early as possible and a scientific rescue plan should be prepared.

Key words： river improvement; river regime evolution; engineering danger; Weihe River

1 概 况

1.1 仓西工程规划和建设情况

渭河仓西河湾在渭河下游的方山河口—入黄口段，为典型的弯曲型河段，河床摆动不定，河曲十分发育，河势变化剧烈。历史上仓西河湾一直着流，但主流常年上提下挫，侵蚀坍岸险情经常发生，移民耕地不断损失，威胁堤防安全，引起下游河势紊乱。为控制塌岸继续发展、稳定河势、保滩护堤，提出修建仓西控导工程。1990年陕西省水利厅组织编制了《陕西省三门峡库区渭洛河治理规划》; 渭河“92·8”洪水后陕西省组织编制了《陕西省三门峡库区返迁移民防洪保安规划报告》;1999年又编制了《陕西省三门峡库区返迁移民防洪保安工程可行性研究报告》，规划在仓西河湾修建控导工程。……