刘剑飞 王晓宇 秦海洋 袁超峰















摘 要:列管式热交换器的优点是结构简单、坚固耐用、操作弹性大、可靠程度高、能承受高压高温以及便于管理等,迄今仍是用于航空高温高压环境下的主要热交换器。随着飞机和发动机高马赫数和高推重比的发展,它对附件的耐振动需求越来越高,而对产品的质量需求则越来越低,这就对产品设计和振动试验方法提出了更高的要求。
关键词:列管式换热器;振动;充介质
中图分类号:TQ051.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2021)26-0050-04
Inner Cavity Filled with Liquid Medium Tube-and-Tube Heat
Exchanger the Effect of Vibration
LIU Jianfei Wang Xiaoyu QIN Haiyang YUAN Chaofeng
(1.Military Representative Office of the Force Equipment in Xinxiang,Xinxiang Henan 453000;2.AVIC Xinhang Aviation Industry(Group) Co., Ltd., Xinxiang Henan 453000)
Abstract: The advantages of the tubular heat exchanger are simple structure, sturdiness and durability, large operating flexibility, high reliability, high pressure and high temperature, easy management, etc. It is still the main heat exchanger used in aviation high temperature and high pressure environment. With the development of aircraft and engines with high Mach numbers and high thrust-to-weight ratios, the requirements for vibration resistance of accessories are becoming higher and higher, and the weight of products is required to be smaller and smaller, which puts forward higher product design and vibration test methods. Requirements.Through theoretical analysis, based on the Workbench structure and strength simulation module, vibration simulation.
Keywords: tube-and-tube heat exchanger;vibration;filling medium
2015年,新航集團70%的新研热交换器在振动试验时出现故障,其中新研制的铝制列管式热交换器在振动试验时100%出现故障,主要失效模式为散热管与隔板钎焊处断裂和开裂导致的泄漏,故障原因包括散热管自身材料缺陷、腐蚀以及焊接应力等[1]。但是,排查分析认为,内部充满一定压力的工作介质对列管式热交换器振动结果的影响不容忽视。本文分析内部充介质对列管式热交换器的影响,以期对后续类似产品的振动试验提供一定的参考价值[2]。
1 结构
如图1所示,列管式热交换器主要包括端板、散热管、隔板以及壳体(可无)等。芯体通常采用整体钎焊而成,部分产品也通过胀接方式形成芯体[3-4]。
2 理论分析
为了保证散热管能顺利穿过多个隔板,一般芯体隔板的孔径会比较大,造成钎焊时散热管不能全部与隔板钎焊,容易产生应力集中和钎剂残留。应力集中容易造成散热管在振动时局部应力过大,从而引发疲劳失效。……