胡馨月 倪海明 戚大伟



摘 要:为了充分挖掘无人机图像,快速有效地提取树木信息,利用无人机数据生成的正射影像作为研究对象,提出一种Mean Shift算法和分水嶺分割算法相结合的林木株数提取方法。该方法利用Mean Shift算法对从RGB图像中提取的G通道图像进行有效地聚类和平滑处理,然后将其输入到结合形态学运算以及欧氏距离变换的分水岭分割算法中进行单木检测和树木株数提取。实验结果表明:与目视解译并计数的10块样地结果相比,本文研究方法的树木株数提取精度在92.74%左右。该方法可以有效地检测单木及提取树木株数,并且具有较好的提取精度。
关键词:树木株数;无人机影像;分水岭分割;Mean Shift算法
中图分类号:S757.2;TP79 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1006-8023(2021)01-0006-07
Abstract:To fully explore unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery and extract forest information efficiently, this study used an orthophoto derived from UAV data to propose a tree counts extraction method combining the Mean Shift algorithm and watershed segmentation algorithm. The method utilized the Mean Shift algorithm to efficiently cluster and smooth the G channel images extracted from RGB images. These images were then fed into the watershed method which combined morphology operation and Euclidean distance for individual treetop detection and tree count extraction. The result showed that the tree counts extraction accuracy of the algorithm in this paper was approximately 92.74% when the result was compared to ten manually marked and counted plots. The result demonstrated that this method was efficient to detect individual tree and extract tree counts, and had better detection accuracy.
Keywords:Tree counts; UAV imagery; watershed segmentation; Mean Shift algorithm
0 引言
森林是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,是人类赖以生存和发展的重要自然资源之一[1]。作为林业研究的重要组成部分,及时、准确地统计树木株数、树高和树冠大小等森林信息,对于动态监测森林演替、森林结构定量分析和生物量估算具有重要意义[2]。在过去的几十年里,卫星遥感作为一种传统的方法拍摄目标区域,获取正射影像图,从而监测该区域的实际情况。然而,通过卫星遥感获取的森林图像很难准确地测量和获取局部微观信息,大大增加了识别和提取林木株数、冠层轮廓等林分因子的难度,并且在实际应用中,卫星成像技术会受到返航频率低、空间分辨率低、操作成本高、复杂度高以及分析图像交付时间长等限制[3],难以满足现代林业发展的需要。……