凶险性前置胎盘发生的相关因素分析

2021-04-06 03:23:11徐晓明李玉岩文英
中国现代医生 2021年4期

徐晓明 李玉岩 文英

[摘要] 目的 分析兇险性前置胎盘(PPP)的相关因素。 方法 选取2017年4月至2019年3月我院PPP产妇121例为研究对象,另根据1∶1配对原则选取同期非前置胎盘正常产妇121例作为参照,回顾性分析其临床资料,通过制定调查问卷收集患者一般情况(年龄、居住地、文化程度)、孕期情况(系统产检、孕早期是否工作)、孕产史(孕次、既往流产次数、既往剖宫产次数、早产史、胎盘前置史)、妊娠方式(剖宫产、阴道分娩),分析PPP发病危险因素,并进行多因素Logistic回归分析。 结果 年龄≥35岁、居住地农村、孕早期参加工作、孕次>2次、既往流产次数>1次、既往剖宫产次数>1次产妇PPP所占比例高于正常产妇(P<0.05);既往流产次数>1次(OR=3.654, 95%CI:1.954~6.932,P<0.05)、既往剖宫产次数>1次(OR=3.709,95%CI:1.593~8.634,P<0.05)、年龄≥35岁(OR=3.753, 95%CI:1.386~10.164,P<0.001)是PPP发生的独立危险因素。 结论 既往流产次数多、既往剖宫产次数多、年龄高是PPP发生的独立危险因素。临床应加强健康宣教,避免流产次增加而损伤子宫内膜,对流产次、剖宫产次较多,年龄较大产妇进行有效管理,加强诊断与预防工作,降低PPP发病率。

[关键词] 凶险性前置胎盘;既往流产次数;年龄;相关因素

[中图分类号] R714.462          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701(2021)04-0054-03

Analysis of related factors of pernicious placenta previa

XU Xiaoming1   Li Yuyan2   Wen Ying3

1.Department of Obstetrics, Dalian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dalian   126021, China; 2.Maternity ward No.5, Dalian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dalian   126021, China; 3.Delivery Room, Dalian Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Dalian   126021, China

[Abstract] Objective To analyze the relevant factors of pernicious placenta previa(PPP). Methods A total of 121 cases of PPP maternal women in our hospital from April 2017 to March 2019 were selected as the research object, and 121 cases of normal cases with non-placental placenta at the same period were selected as a reference according to the 1∶1 matching principle. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The patient's general condition(age, place of residence, education level), pregnancy status(systematic examination, whether working in the early pregnancy period), pregnancy and delivery history(pregnancy times, previous abortions, previous cesarean sections, premature birth history, placenta previa history) and delivery method (cesarean section, vaginal delivery) were collected through the development of a questionnaire. The PPP risk factors were analyzed, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed. Results The proportion of PPP in maternal women with age≥35 years old, living in rural areas, working in the first trimester, pregnancy times>2 times, previous abortion frequency>1 time, previous caesarean section >1 time was higher than that in normal maternal women(P<0.05). Previous abortion times>1 time(OR=3.654, 95%CI: 1.954-6.932, P<0.05), previous caesarean section frequency>1 time(OR=3.709, 95%CI: 1.593-8.634, P<0.05), age≥35 years(OR=3.753, 95%CI: 1.386-10.164, P<0.001) were independent risk factors for the occurrence of PPP. Conclusion The high frequency of previous abortions, high frequency of previous cesarean sections and old age are independent risk factors for the occurrence of PPP. Health education should be strengthened in clinic to avoid the increase of abortions and damage to the endometrium. Effective management of abortion, cesarean section, and older women should be provided, diagnosis and prevention should be strengthened, to reduce the incidence of PPP.

[Key words] Pernicious placenta previa; Previous abortions; Age; Related factors

凶险性前置胎盘(Pernicious placenta previa,PPP)是妊娠晚期严重并发症,指有剖宫产史女性再次妊娠胎盘前置,且胎盘附着于既往剖宫产子宫瘢痕部位,多伴有胎盘植入。PPP可导致妊娠晚期及产后大出血,且出血难以控制,增加临床子宫切除率,严重威胁母婴健康[1]。PPP发病机制及原因尚未明确,近年来发病率呈上升趋势,其原因可能与剖宫产率上升有关[2]。剖宫产会损伤子宫内膜,若子宫瘢痕伤口愈合较差,则会提高胎盘前置、胎盘植入发生率,而近年来关于剖宫产远期并发症所导致的PPP发病率升高逐渐引起临床重视。探究PPP发病相关影响因素,并作出针对性干预,对确保母婴健康具有重要意义。因此,本研究回顾性分析我院近年来PPP产妇临床资料,以探究PPP发生的相关因素,现报道如下。

登录APP查看全文