道路施工扬尘监测系统设计

2021-04-22 05:37:33吴靖江李昊刘杰
河南科技 2021年1期

吴靖江 李昊 刘杰

摘 要:道路施工具有施工点多、线路长和环保质量要求高等特点。由于户外不可控环境因素较多,因此施工过程中极易产生扬尘。本文根据道路施工扬尘产生特点,结合GPRS无线通信技术以及单片机控制技术,设计出一套由扬尘采集设备、信息传输设备以及监测中心组成的道路施工扬尘监测系统。该系统采用激光扬尘传感器自动采集扬尘数据,利用无线传输网络实现数据传输,利用单片机对各点PM2.5和PM10数据进行监测和分析,不仅解决了道路施工过程中扬尘多点有线监测时数据统计烦琐的问题,而且实现了扬尘数据的存储功能,便于用户随时调出。

关键词:道路施工;扬尘;监测系统

中图分类号:X799.1文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-5168(2021)01-0022-03

Abstract: Road construction has the characteristics of many construction points, long lines and high environmental quality requirements. Due to many uncontrollable outdoor environmental factors, dust is easily generated in the construction process. According to the characteristics of road construction dust, combined with GPRS wireless communication technology and single chip microcomputer control technology, this paper designed a set of road construction dust monitoring system composed of dust collection equipment, information transmission equipment and monitoring center. The system uses laser dust sensor to automatically collect dust data, uses wireless transmission network to realize data transmission, and uses single chip microcomputer to monitor and analyze PM2.5 and PM10 data of each point. It not only solves the problem of data statistics in multi-point wired monitoring of dust during road construction, but also realizes the storage function of dust data, which is convenient for users to call out at any time.

Keywords: road construction;dust;monitoring system

随着我国城市化进程不断推进,道路施工建设数量呈上升趋势[1]。一般来说,道路施工具有施工点多、线路长、施工工期长、环保质量要求高等特点[2],加之户外作业条件下不可控环境因素较多,在道路施工过程中极易产生扬尘。扬尘在风载下极易扩散,进而引起局部空气污染[3]。据统计,中国大部分城市的可吸入颗粒物PM10与细颗粒物PM2.5已成为我国大气污染的首要污染物,而这些大气颗粒污染物,有40%左右来自建筑施工,部分城市甚至达到了50%。大量扬尘颗粒不仅会对居民健康造成严重危害,而且会对可见度产生较大影响,降低通行效率,甚至造成交通事故。随着人们对环境保护的重视,建立道路施工扬尘監测系统成为重要工作。……

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