贾锰 陈锶哲 刘志龙 何鑫涛



摘 要:前几年,车架流行桁架钢管结构,但是其存在加工困难、定位误差大、制造过程中产生废料过多等问题。目前,部分高校针对车架后舱提出一个较为不错的解决方案——副车架。本文通过CATIA软件进行结构绘制,通过Hypermesh软件进行有限元分析,通过应力云图对结构进行改良,最终设计出一种副车架结构,在满足整车刚性和强度的同时达到车身轻量化的目的。研究结果表明,副车架可以用于后轮差速器支架、后悬叉臂、后悬减震器等的安装,方便赛车后面结构的安装,提高赛车整体刚度和强度,其结构优势明显。
关键词:FSAE赛车;副车架;CATIA;Hypermesh
中图分类号:U469.696文献标识码:A文章编号:1003-5168(2021)01-0039-03
Abstract: In the past few years, the truss steel pipe structure was popular in the frame, but it has problems such as difficult processing, large positioning error, and excessive waste generated in the manufacturing process. At present, some colleges and universities have proposed a relatively good solution for the rear compartment of the frame-the sub-frame. In this paper, the structure was drawn through the CATIA software, the finite element analysis was performed through the Hypermesh software, and the structure was improved through the stress cloud diagram, finally, a sub-frame structure was designed to meet the rigidity and strength of the vehicle while achieving the purpose of lightweight body. The research results show that the sub-frame can be used for the installation of rear wheel differential brackets, rear suspension wishbones, rear suspension shock absorbers, etc., which facilitates the installation of the rear structure of the car, improves the overall rigidity and strength of the car, and has obvious structural advantages.
Keywords: fsae racing car;subframe;CATIA;Hypermesh
目前,我国FSAE方程式赛车的车架有两种形式:一是采用复合材料单体壳;二是采用桁架钢管结构。由于单体壳制造成本高昂,桁架钢管结构的车架制造成本较低、结构简单、加工制作较为容易,因此大多数参赛车队基本采用这一结构。但是,桁架钢管车架焊接定位中,焊接变形极易导致硬点位置存在一定误差,使得最终车架与悬架系统、发动机与传动系统的装配存在一定难度。副车架可以使组成车架的单元实现从点到面的转变,作为一个独立机构,它能辅助赛车其他部位精准定位,解决发动机舱定位困难的问题,并在保证整车刚度和强度的同时实现赛车轻量化的目的。在副车架设计中,笔者使用CATIA软件进行结构绘制,通过Hypermesh软件进行有限元分析,利用应力云图对结构进行改良,最终期望在满足整车刚性和强度的同时实现车身的轻量化。……