地质灾害防护与治理

袁菲菲 许水林 冀应斌

摘 要：我国是世界上地质灾害最频繁、受灾最严重的国家之一，具有分布广、时段集中、损失严重等特点。近年来，受全球生态环境改变、极端天气、城市建设等因素的影响，我国地质灾害发生更为频繁，给人民群众生产生活带来了极大威胁和严重损失。地质灾害具体表现为崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷、地面沉降、地裂缝等。因为地质灾害具有隐蔽性、突发性和破坏性强等特点，所以防范难度较大。为进一步加强地质灾害防护与治理，必须综合采取防治措施，有效预警和规避各类地质灾害，为群众生产生活提供良好保障。

关键词：地质灾害;防护;地质地貌;气候;人为活动

中图分类号：U213.1文献标识码：A文章编号：1003-5168（2021）01-0150-03

Abstract： Our country is the most frequent geological disasters in the world， one of the countries most affected by the disaster， has the characteristics such as wide distribution， time of concentration and weight loss. In recent years， affected by the global ecological environment change， extreme weather， urban construction and other factors， geological disasters occur more frequently in China， which has brought great threat and serious losses to people's production and life.The geological disasters include collapse， landslide， debris flow， ground collapse， ground subsidence， ground fissure and so on. Because geological disasters are hidden， sudden and destructive， it is difficult to prevent them. In order to further strengthen the protection and control of geological disasters， comprehensive measures must be taken to prevent and control geological disasters， so as to provide a good guarantee for people's production and life.

Keywords： geological disaster;protection;geology and geomorphology;climate;human activities

黨的十九大报告中明确指出要“加强地质灾害防护与治理”，习近平总书记也在多个场合反复强调要做好地质灾害的防护与治理工作，这为新时期我国做好地质灾害防治工作注入了动力，指明了方向[1]。由于特殊的地理地貌及各种人为因素的影响，我国是世界上受地质灾害侵袭最频繁、最严重的国家之一。加强地质灾害防护与治理的相关研究，出台更为得力有效的治理措施，对于保证人民群众生命财产安全，推动我国经济社会高质量发展无疑具有重要的现实意义。

1 我国地质灾害防护与治理现状

我国是世界上地质灾害发生最频繁、最严重、受威胁人口最多的国家之一，崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、地面塌陷、地面沉降、地裂缝等灾害隐患多、分布广，且具有隐蔽性、突发性和破坏性强等特点，防范难度较大。……