织物织造参数及表面疏水性对光子晶体结构色的影响

高雅芳 张耘箫 周岚 陈建勇 戴香玲 王相林 刘国金

摘 要：以单分散聚（苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸）（P（St-MAA））微球为结构基元，采用重力沉降自组装法在涤纶织物上构建光子晶体结构色薄膜，探究织物织造参数及表面疏水性能对光子晶体结构色效果的影响，并分析结构色的调控方式。通过场发射扫描电镜、视频显微镜和紫外-可见分光光度仪观测光子晶体的排列状况、结构色均匀性和鲜艳性、结构色反射率曲線。结果表明：在相同织造参数条件下，当织物组织为平纹时，质量分数为2%的微球组装液即可获得结构色鲜明的光子晶体;同为平纹组织的条件下，织物越致密则越有利于得到结构色亮丽的光子晶体。随织物疏水性增强，微球组装液在表面越难铺展和渗透，所得光子晶体薄膜的裂纹越发明显，结构色亮度愈加下降。在保持其他参数不变的情况下，通过调控结构基元的粒径和观察角度可以对结构色的色相进行调控，当基元粒径减小或观察角增大时，结构色会发生蓝移现象。本研究为纺织基材上构建明亮、均匀的结构色提供了参考。

关键词：光子晶体;结构色;涤纶织物;织造参数;疏水性能

中图分类号：TS195.5

文献标志码：A

文章编号：1009-265X（2021）02-0073-08

作者简介：高雅芳（1995-），女，浙江绍兴人，硕土研究生，主要从事光子晶体结构生色方面的研究。

Abstract：Photonic crystal film with structural colors is constructed on polyester fabrics by a gravity deposition self-assembly method with monodisperse poly（styrene-methacrylic acid） （P（St-MAA）） microspheres as structural elements. It is intended to explore the effect of fabric weaving parameters and surface hydrophobic properties on the structural color effect of photonic crystals， and analyze the control methods of structural colors. Field emission scanning electron microscope （SEM）， video microscope and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer are used to observe the arrangement of photonic crystals， uniformity and brightness of structural colors and reflectance curves of structural colors. The results show that with the same weaving parameters， photonic crystal film with bright structural colors can be obtained with microsphere assembly solution with a mass fraction of 2% if plain weave fabrics are provided; in respect of plain weave fabrics， dense fabrics are easy for obtaining photonic crystals with bright structural colors. As the hydrophobicity of fabrics increases， it becomes more difficult for microsphere assembly solution to spread penetrate on the surface， the more heavily the photonic crystal film cracks， and the brightness of the structural color decreases. With other parameters remaining unchanged， the hue of structural colors can be regulated by adjusting the grain size of structural motif and observation angle. Structural colors will produce blue shift if the grain size of structural motif decreases or the observation angle increases. This study provides a reference for constructing bright and uniform structural colors on textile substrate.

Key words：photonic crystals; structural color; polyester fabrics; weaving parameters; hydrophobic properties

纺织品主要通过施加染料或颜料等色素来实现着色，其显色机理是依靠化学色素自身化学结构对光的选择性吸收与反射[1]。……