秋千影
阅读《习近平谈治国理政》时,读者会发现总书记谙熟中华传统文化,不时结合现实引经据典、论理说情,颇接地气。品读此类文章,读者不但能感受到领袖的家国情怀,而且能感悟到领袖博观约取的文化底蕴。
今天我们择选“青年要自觉践行社会主义核心价值观”一文中的部分古语及其英译,一起感受经典文化的恒久魅力,体会英文表述中华传统文化的独特方式。
原文:行百里者半九十。
译文:A thing is yet to be done until it is done.
点评:汉英翻译经常需要采用太极手法,以虚译实,此一例也。
原文:大学之道,在明明德,在亲民,在止于至善。
译文:The way to great learning is to manifest bright virtue and to treat the people as ones own family, thereby arriving at supreme goodness.
点评:“止于至善”英文表述甚多,还有be committed to excellence等。
原文:国有四维,礼义廉耻,“四维不张,国乃灭亡。”
译文:In ancient China our ancestors developed core values highlighted by “propriety, righteousness, honesty and a sense of shame—the four anchors of our moral foundation, and a question of life and death for the country.”
点评:对传统文化稍有研究的读者肯定知道,此处的“义”也有理解为“正义”的,所以,英文有时译作justice;而“廉”也可直译为integrity;“礼”译为civility也颇贴切。
原文:民惟邦本。
译文:The people are the foundation of a state.
原文:天人合一
译文:the harmony of Nature and man
点评:与“合一”相关的另一常用短语就是“知行合一”:the congruence between knowledge and actions; consistency of knowledge and practice。
原文:和而不同
译文:harmony without uniformity
点评:这是中华文化中一个很典型的价值观,其英文表述也可采用另一地道表达:agree to disagree。
原文:天行健,君子以自强不息。
译文:As Heaven changes through movement, a gentleman makes unremitting efforts to perfect himself.
点评:针对同句汉语,读者诸君以为下面译文如何?Whereas the universe moves eternally, a gentleman strives for perfection constantly.
原文:大道之行也,天下为公。
译文:When the Great Way prevailed, a public spirit ruled all under Heaven.
点评:“天下为公”单独使用时,尤其仅作短语时,经常翻译为a world shared by all。
原文:天下兴亡,匹夫有责。
译文:Everyone is responsible for his countrys rise or fall.
原文:君子义以为质。
译文:A gentleman takes morality as his bedrock.
点评:如前,“义”可以理解为integrity,也可以理解为justice。
原文:德不孤,必有邻。
译文:A man of high moral quality will never feel lonely.
點评:“有德之人”最常见的英文表述是a man of character,所以这句话是不是也可译为:A man of character is never alienated.……p>