后疫情时代下体育非物质文化遗产保护发展：挑战、机遇与对策

郑奥成 郑家鲲 王学彬

摘 要：体育非遗是人类重要的文化遗产，是我国文化软实力的重要组成，保护和传承是其时代主题。随着新冠疫情爆发，聚集性活动停摆、文旅产业受冲击、传承人陷“僵局”等一系列挑战，阻碍了体育非遗正常运行。但疫情同时也为体育非遗带来了一定发展机遇，数字平台焕发新生机、文旅产业的触底反弹、民族文化精神的振奋需求、实用型的价值观偏移等，为体育非遗的保护发展开拓了新思路。基于疫情背景下体育非遗面临的挑战与机遇，提出了以新理念推进数字化创新发展、以文旅产业反弹之势培植传承人重铸辉煌、以厚重的民族文化精神夯实社会教化、以“经世致用”理念挖掘实用价值等应对策略。

关键词：新冠肺炎疫情;体育非物质文化遗产;保护与发展;挑战;机遇;对策

中图分类号：G80-051 文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-2076（2021）01-0081-06

Abstract：The intangible cultural heritage of sports is an important cultural heritage of mankind and an important component of China's cultural soft power. With the outbreak of the COVID-19， a series of challenges， such as the suspension of gathering activities， the impact of cultural and tourism industry， and the "impasse" of the inheritors， have impeded the normal operation of the intangible cultural heritage.However， the epidemic has also brought some development opportunities for the intangible cultural heritage of sports， digital platforms have been rejuvenated， the cultural and tourism industry has hit bottom and bounced back， the inspiring demand of national cultural spirit and the deviation of practical values have opened up new ideas for the protection and development of the intangible cultural heritage of sports.We should grasp the opportunity to explore the protection and development countermeasures of sports intangible cultural heritage in the post-epidemic era.Therefore，

based on the challenges and opportunities faced by the intangible cultural heritage of sports in the context of the epidemic，the research puts forward some coping strategies， such as promoting digital innovation and development with new ideas， cultivating inheritors to restore glory with the bounce of cultural tourism industry， consolidating social education with the heavy national cultural spirit， and digging practical value with the concept of "innovative applications on reality".

Key words： COVID-19; intangible cultural heritage of sports;protection and development;challenges;opportunities;countermeasures

2019年末突如其来的新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）肺炎疫情使我國民众生命安全受到严重威胁。在此背景下，几近所有的聚集性群众活动被叫停，包括民俗活动在内。因此，大量依附民俗节庆活动而开展的体育非遗相关活动基本取消，体育非遗传承、保护和发展的现实态势不容乐观。

1 疫情之下体育非物质文化遗产保护发展的现实挑战

1.1 多数体育非物质文化遗产活动难以开展

我国悠久的历史文化积淀，孕育了种类繁多的体育非物质文化遗产，它们既有与体育活动相关的器械使用、比赛规程、身体运动等内容，又与各民族、地域的社会环境、宗教、民俗风气等传统文化息息相关[1]。……