HZ-YTJS新型调桨系统的研究与应用

张开学 张龙龙 邓东红 周松萍 刘军

摘 要：受地形、机组空间布置、投资和增容手续审批等因素制约，扩建生态小机组难以实施。目前，国内低水头水电站受技术条件限制，转轮直径1.8 m以下的水轮机组均采用定桨机组，难以实现小流量发电。河南河口二级水电站采用华自科技股份有限公司研制的HZ-YTJS新型调桨系统，将直径1.0 m定桨机组改为转桨机组，实现了对原机组改造后小流量发电，解决了生态基流发电问题，经济效益明显，属国内首创。

关键词：生态基流;小流量;水轮机;轴流;定桨;转桨

中图分类号：TV734.4 文献标志码：A

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1000-1379.2021.05.023

Abstract： Restricted by terrain， unit space layout， investment and approval of capacity expansion formalities， it is difficult to implement expansion of small ecological units. At present， domestic low-water-head hydropower stations are restricted by technical conditions and the fixed paddle units are adopted for all turbine units with a runner diameter less than 1.8 m. It is difficult to achieve small-flow power generation. HZ-YTJS novel paddle adjusting system of HNAC Technology Co.， Ltd. was adopted for Hekou Second-Stage Hydropower Station in Henan. The fixed paddle unit with a diameter of 1.0m was changed as the rotary paddle unit in this system， which realized reconstruction of small-flow power generation on the original unit and solved the issue of power generation with ecological basic flow. It had obvious effects and was domestic initiative.

Key words： ecological basic flow; small flow; hydraulic turbine; axial flow; fixed paddle; rotary paddle

2016年水利部印發《农村水电增效扩容改造河流生态修复指导意见》中强调，河流生态修复应遵循“尊重自然，保护优先”和“以自然修复为主，人工修复为辅”的原则。农村水电站应设置“生态小机组”并长期运行，承担生态流量泄放任务和基荷发电任务，通过发电下泄确保生态流量，生产运行时保证生态基流下泄的最低要求。生态基流相对水电站设计流量较小，在原机组上利用生态基流发电效率较低，而受地形、机组空间布置、投资和增容手续审批等因素制约，扩建生态小机组难以实施。怎样既保护河道生态又兼顾企业发电效益，是当前的一项新课题。目前，国内低水头水电站受技术条件限制，转轮直径1.8 m以下的水轮机组均采用定桨机组，难以实现小流量发电[1-5]。HZ-YTJS新型调桨系统在河南河口二级水电站的成功应用为解决这一问题提供了成功案例。……