基于中医传承辅助平台的中医药辨治黄褐斑的用药规律

蔺莉 闫小宁 李文彬 赵一丁

摘要 目的：基于中医传承辅助系统分析与总结近5年间中医药治疗黄褐斑的用药及组方规律，为今后黄褐斑的临床治疗提供参考价值。方法：检索2015—2019年国家知识基础设施数据库（CNKI）中医药治疗黄褐斑的相关文献，使用中医传承辅助系统进行数据挖掘构建数据库，并对相关数据进行统计与分析，总结出中医药治疗黄褐斑的处方特点及用药规律。结果：筛选出129篇文献，其中方剂共有204条;共有179味中药，其中频次最高为当归。药性以温为主。药味以甘为主;归经多见于肝经。熵层次聚类算法得出新方12个。结论：目前黄褐斑发病主要以肝郁、气滞、血瘀为主要病因，治疗应以疏肝解郁，活血化瘀为主，兼以扶正。

关键词 黄褐斑;中医传承辅助平台;数据挖掘;用药规律;中医;中药;辨证论治;组方规律

Analysis of the Regularity of Chloasma Treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on the Auxiliary Platform for Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance

LIN Li1，YAN Xiaoning2，LI Wenbin2，ZHAO Yiding2

（1 Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine，Xianyang 712046，China; 2 Department of Dermatology，Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Xi′an 710003，China）

Abstract Objective：To analyze and summarize the traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）treatment of chloasma in the past 5 years based on the auxiliary system of TCM and to summarize the regularity of chloasma treatment in order to provide reference for future clinical practice.Methods：By searching relevant literature on treating chloasma with TCM from cnki.net and using the auxiliary platform for traditional Chinese medicine inheritance to carry out data mining，a database was built where relevant data were counted and analyzed.Then the characteristics and regularity of prescriptions of TCM for chloasma treatment was summed up.Results：A total of 129 literature were screened out，of which there were 204 prescriptions and 179 kinds of herbs.The herb with the highest frequency was Angelica sinensis.The medicinal properties were mainly warm while the main medicinal flavor was sweet; the main channel tropism was liver.Entropy hierarchical clustering algorithm yields 12 new squares.Conclusion：At present，TCM commonly treats chloasma by dispersing stagnated liver qi for relieving qi stagnation and activating blood circulation.The auxiliary system for TCM inheritance can provide new clues for clinical medicine prescribing and drug development through data mining and analysis of medication regularity in melasma treatment.

Keywords Melasma; Auxiliary platform for traditional Chinese medicine inheritance; Data mining; Medication regularity; Traditional Chinese medicine; Traditional Chinese drug; Syndrome differentiation and treatment; Prescription regularity

中圖分类号：R242;R751文献标识码：Adoi：10.3969/j.issn.1673-7202.2021.06.014

黄褐斑的特征是面部色素沉着，常分布在脸颊上，是临床常见的皮肤病，常见的中医名称还有“面尘”“妊娠斑”“肝斑”等。现代医学认为黄褐斑的发生常与酪氨酸活性升高，黑素细胞及黑素体生成增多等因素相关[1]，常见诱发因素有紫外线辐射、生活习惯不好、年龄增长、内分泌失调等。黄褐斑一般好发于30～45岁的中年女性，其中妊娠期发病率可达70%，临床上常常易诊难治，且复发率高。中医认为其发病机制为脏腑气血功能失调，主要与肝脾肾三脏密切相关，病机可概括为：肝郁气滞，肾气亏损，脾虚湿胜，继而血行瘀滞，气血不能上荣于面[2]。……