女性董事能够提升高管性别平等性吗？

薛有志　李鑫　王顺昊

摘 要：基于群际关系理论和归因理论，本文以董秘性别薪酬差异为研究对象，探究了女性董事参与治理如何影响高管性别平等性的问题。研究发现，上市公司中存在董秘性别薪酬差异，女性董秘的薪酬总额和年度薪酬增加额均显著低于男性董秘，但女性董事参与治理能够有效抑制董秘性别薪酬差异。实证结果显示，当女性董事在董事会中占比达到1/3时，董秘薪酬总额和年度薪酬增加额的性别差异均不再显著。本文解构了女性董事通过影响董事会的归因偏差，进而影响董秘性别薪酬差异的作用路径，证实了女性董事参与治理能够切实提升高管性别平等性的观点。

关键词：女性董事;归因偏差;女性董秘;性别薪酬差异

中图分类号：F272.92文献标识码：A文章编号：1003-5192（2021）03-0009-08doi：10.11847/fj.40.3.9

Will Female Directors Enhance Gender Equality of Executives？

——Empirical Test Based on the Gender Pay Gap of Board Secretary

XUE You-zhi1，2， LI Xin1，2， WANG Shun-hao1，2

（1.China Academy of Corporate Governance， Nankai University， Tianjin 300071， China; 2.School of Business， Nankai University， Tianjin 300071， China）

Abstract：Based on the theory of intergroup relations and attribution theory， this paper explores the influence of female directors on gender equality of executives by taking the gender pay gap of board secretary as research object. The study finds that the compensation of board secretary differ by gender in Chinese listed companies， the total compensation and the annual compensation growth of female secretaries are significantly lower than that of their male counterparts. Fortunately， the participation of female directors in governance can effectively restrain the gender pay gap of board secretary. The empirical results show that when the proportion of female directors on boards reaches one-third， female board secretary and male secretarys compensation and annual compensation growth no longer have significant gender differences. This paper deconstructs the acting path by which female directors bridge gender pay gap of board secretaries by influencing the attribution bias of the board， confirming the view that the participation of female directors in governance can effectively enhance gender equality of executives.

Key words：female directors; attribution bias; female board secretary; gender pay gap

1 引言

女性是社會生产生活的重要参与者和推动者。习近平总书记指出：“中国实践证明，推动妇女参加社会和经济活动，能极大提升社会生产力和经济活力”。但在我国劳动力市场，性别薪酬差异问题却普遍存在。根据已有研究，影响我国劳动力市场性别薪酬差异的因素繁多，教育背景、职业经历、行业差异、年龄差异、地区差异等因素均会对性别薪酬差异产生重要影响[1]。然而，作者在以精英阶层为对象的研究中发现，即使控制了上述影响因素，性别薪酬差异仍然显著存在。这是否意味着还有其他重要因素在影响着精英阶层的性别平等性？

回溯心理……