SPME-GC-MS法分析薏苡仁砂烫前后挥发性成分变化

隋利强 曹冬英 黄婷婷 吴冬梅

【摘 要】 目的：探讨薏苡仁砂烫前后挥发性成分的变化。方法：通过顶空固相微萃取提取生薏苡仁、砂烫薏苡仁的挥发性成分，通过GC-MS 分析鉴定其化学成分，应用峰面积归一化法计算各成分的相对质量分数。结果：薏苡仁砂烫前后挥发性成分变化明显，分别从生薏苡仁、砂烫薏苡仁挥发性成分中鉴定出化合物84、77种，其中两者共有成分36种，生薏苡仁特有成分48种，砂烫薏苡仁特有成分41种。薏苡仁经砂烫后柠檬烯、3-辛烯-2-酮、壬醛、棕榈酸等成分含量降低，2-戊基呋喃、2-癸酮、2，4-癸二烯醛、香叶基丙酮等成分含量升高，新增α-蒎烯、β-石竹烯、香茅醇、橙花叔醇、2-壬酮等成分。新增成分中，金合欢醇、香茅醇、乙酸香叶酯、香叶基丙酮、β-石竹烯等具有特异花香或果香气，香茅醇具有抗菌、抗炎作用，α-蒎烯具有镇咳和祛痰作用，β-石竹烯具有局麻作用、抗炎作用、抗焦虑、抗抑郁作用，β-榄香烯对多种癌细胞具有抑制活性。结论：首次对薏苡仁砂烫前后的挥发性成分进行分析，该结果可为薏苡仁的开发应用和进一步研究提供参考。

【关键词】 薏苡仁;砂烫;挥发性成分;SPME-GC-MS

【中图分类号】R284.1   【文献标志码】 A    【文章编号】1007-8517（2021）10-0026-07

Analyse the Change of Volatile Components in Coicis Semen after Sand-scorching by SPME-GC-MS

SUI Liqiang CAO Dongying HUANG Tingting WU Dongmei

Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine，Fuzhou 350122， China

Abstract：Objective Analyse the change of volatile components in Coicis Semen after sand-scorching. Methods Extract the volatile components of Coicis Semenandsand-scorched Coicis Semen by SPME， analyze the volatile constituents by GC-MS. Calculate the relative percentage content using the normalization method.Results The volatile components of Coicis Semen changedobviously after processing， there are84 and 77 compounds identifiedfrom Coicis Semenandsand-scorched Coicis Semen，36 compounds in common，48unique compounds in Coicis Semen，41unique compounds in stir sand-scorched Coicis Semen.The content of limonene， 3-octene-2-one， nonanal， palmitic acidand so on reduced. the content of 2-pentyl furan， 2-decanone， 2，4-decadienal，geranyl acetoneand so onrised.There are some new compounds such as α-pinene，β-caryophyllene，citronellol，nerolidol，2-nonanoneand so on during processing. Among the new ingredients， farnesol， citronellol， geranyl acetate， geranylacetone，β-caryophyllene and so on have a distinctive floral or fruity aroma，Citronellol has antimicrobialandanti-inflammatoryactivity，α-pinene has antitussive and expectorant effects， β-caryophyllenehas the effects of local anesthesia， anti-inflammatory， anti-anxiety and anti-depression.β-elemene can inhibitory activity of cancer cells. Conclusion The article analysethe change of volatile components in Coicis Semen after processingfor the first time.The articleprovided reference for the development and application of Coicis Semen.

Keywords：Coicis Semen;Sand-scorch;Volatile Components; SPME-GC-MS

薏苡仁是常用的藥食同源类中药，是禾本科植物薏苡Coix lacryma-jobi L.var.mayuen（Roman.）Stapf的干燥成熟种仁，主产于辽宁、浙江、福建、河北、江苏等省。薏苡仁中主要含有蛋白质、油脂、多糖三大类成分，具有抗肿瘤、增强机体免疫功能、降血糖等作用。薏苡仁味甘、淡，性凉，归脾、胃、肺经，可利水渗湿、健脾止泻、除痹、排脓、解毒散结，临床常用于治疗脾虚泄泻、水肿、脚气、小便不利、湿痹拘挛、肺痈、肠痈等[1-6]。……