云南省澜沧拉祜族自治县中药资源调查与分析

袁以凯 付开聪 杨涵雨

【摘 要】 目的：调查澜沧拉祜族自治县中药资源现状，为该县中医药产业发展规划提供指导，也为有效保护并合理利用当地中药资源提供科学依据。方法：按照全国第四次中药资源普查工作要求，通过样方、样线和访问等调查，以及植物标本采集和鉴定，对澜沧拉祜族自治县中药资源的种类、分布、栽培及应用等现状进行调查和分析。结果：调查到有明确药用功效的植物共152科，533属，856种。其中，重点药材有103种;珍稀濒危药用植物122种;发现并认定新种1个。栽培面积较大的中药材主要有砂仁、草果和薏苡仁。结论：澜沧县内中药资源物种多样、资源丰富，开发利用潜力较大，应加强合理的保护、开发和利用。

【关键词】 中药资源;澜沧拉祜族自治县;药用植物;普查

【中图分类号】R29   【文献标志码】 A    【文章编号】1007-8517（2021）10-0040-13

Investigation and Analysis of Chinese Materia Medica Resources in Lancang Lahu Nationality Autonomous County of Yunnan Province

YUAN Yikai FU Kaicong YANG Hanyu*

Puer Traditional Ethnomedicine Institute， Puer 665099， China

Abstract：Objective To investigate the current situation of Chinese materia medica resources in Lancang Lahu nationality autonomous county，in order to provide guidance for the development planning of Chinese medicine industry，and provide basis for rational development and utilization of local Chinese materia medica resources. Methods According to the Fourth National Survey Chinese Matiera Medica Resources，by using quadrat method and survey investigation， collecting the plant specimens and consulting the relevant literature，species，distribution， cultivation and application of Chinese materia medica resources in the Lancang Lahu nationality autonomous county were analyzed statistically. Results In the region there were 856 plant species，belonging to 533 genera and 152 families，of which 103 plant species were important medicinal materials，122 plant species were rare and endangered medical plants，1 new species found and identified. which has been planted in large areas were Fructus Amomi，Amomum tsao-ko and Semen Coicis. Conclusion Lancang Lahu nationality autonomous county has various species and rich resources of Chinese medicine resources， which has great potential for development and utilization. Therefore， we should strengthen reasonable protection， development and utilization.

Keywords：Chinese Materia Medica Resources;Lancang Lahu Nationality Autonomous County;Medicinal Plants;Investigation

澜沧拉祜族自治县（以下简称澜沧县）位于云南省西南部普洱市的西部，澜沧江以西，依澜沧江而得名，地处西双版纳、临沧、普洱三州（市）交汇处。地理坐标为北纬22°07′～23°15′、东经99°29′～100°35′。国境线长80.563公里，总面积873314公顷，辖20个乡（镇），总人口49.7万人，其中拉祜族21.5万人，为全国唯一的拉祜族自治县，也是云南省县级面积第二大县，是中国西南边陲重要的交通枢纽和门户，素有“拉祜山乡，边陲宝地”之美誉。澜沧县地处横断山脉怒山山系南段，山峰绵延纵横，最高海拔2516米，最低海拔578米，主要地形地貌为山区、半山区、坝区和河谷槽区。属亚热带山地季风气候，雨量充沛，日照充足，冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，干雨季分明。……