王军伟 焦功强 孙吉禄










摘 要:在黃瓜杂交制种过程中,影响制种产量的因素有很多,其中很多因素已被农民采纳和应用。作者通过几十年从事黄瓜杂交制种的经验,在实践中大胆采用了基施硼肥、叶面喷施硼肥、叶面喷施磷酸二氢钾、人工辅助授粉、放养蜜蜂辅助授粉等实用技术,对黄瓜杂交制种的产量的影响进行了试验研究。试验结果表明,这些实用技术能有效提高黄瓜制种产量。应用到实践中必将对农民科学种田,达到增产增收的目的起到良好的指导作用。
关键词:基施硼肥;叶面施肥;辅助授粉
A practical technique to increase the yield of cucumber hybrid species was tested
Wang Junwei Jiao Gong qiang Sun Jilu
(Qingdao Institute of Agricultural Sciences,QingdaoShanDong 266100)
Abstract:In the process of cucumber hybridization,there are many factors that affect the yield of cucumber,many of which have been adopted and applied by farmers.Through decades of experience in cucumber hybridization,the author boldly adopted practical techniques such as base boron fertilization,leaf spraying boron fertilizer,leaf spraying of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,artificial assisted pollination,bee-assisted pollinationetc.,and carried out experimental research on the effects of cucumber hybridization.The experimental results show that these practical techniques can effectively improve the yield of cucumber production.Application to practice will certainly play a good guiding role in farmers' scientific fielding and achieving the goal of increasing production and income.
Keywords:base boron fertilizer;Fertilize the leaves;Auxiliary pollination
1 基施、喷施硼肥增产效果试验
硼能促进作物生殖器官的正常发育,有利于开花结果、种子发育。硼肥在黄瓜杂交制种中能否起到增产效果?为此我们进行了试验。
1.1 材料与方法
1.1.1 试验材料:试验品种为鲁黄瓜三号。
1.1.2 试验方法:结合鲁黄瓜三号大面积杂交制种,试验设置不施硼肥、基施硼肥、喷施硼肥、基施喷施硼肥4个处理。基施硼肥为1kg/666.7m2,噴施硼肥为从黄瓜第一个种瓜开花时起喷施0.3%的硼砂一遍,以后每隔7天喷一次,共喷施4次。试验每小区30m2,随机区组排列,三次重复。
1.1.3 观察记载内容:观察记载生育期内植株生长情况,病害发生情况。种瓜收获时每个小区选择生长均匀的40株调查单株种瓜数、单瓜种粒数、千粒重,各小区单独计产。
1.2 结果与分析
1.2.1 植株生长情况:整个生育期不同处理间植株长势和抗病性都差异不大,种瓜采收时我们发现喷施硼肥的植株叶片衰败程度较轻。……