《圣济总录》产后乳汁不下用药规律浅析

李雪芳 刘琛

【摘 要】 目的：探讨《圣济总录》中治疗产后乳汁不下遣方用药的规律，为中医中药治疗提供思路。方法：通过阅读研究《圣济总录》妇人产后乳汁不下篇，将全篇中所有方剂包含的药物频数、频率，以及四气五味、归经等建立数据库，采用频数分析的方法对数据进行统计学分析。结果：《圣济总录》产后门乳汁不下共收录方剂21首，共用药33种;剂型统计结果显示，汤剂为主要剂型。结论：《圣济总录》治疗妇人产后乳汁不下多采用木通、酒、钟乳石、漏芦等通乳下乳药物，擅用甘温与苦寒之品，以肺、胃两经论治为主，八法之中尤重清法和补法，治疗总体以温补气血和清热化瘀为主。

【关键词】 《圣濟总录》;乳汁不下;方药;用药规律

【中图分类号】R22   【文献标志码】 A    【文章编号】1007-8517（2021）09-0008-03

Abstract：Obstract Purpose： To explore the law of prescription for the treatment of postpartum breast milk stoppage in Shengjizonglu ， and to provide ideas for Chinese medicine treatment. Method Through reading and researching the chapter on postpartum breast milk stoppage in Shengjizonglu， the amount and frequency of the drugs contained in all the prescriptions，as well as the four properties，five flavors，and meridian tropism were used to establish a database， and the method of frequency analysis was used to analyze The data statistically. Result The  Shengjizonglu included 21 prescriptions and 33 common medicines in the postpartum breast milk stoppage. The statistical results of the dosage form showed that the decoction was the main dosage form. Conclusion The Shengjizonglu usually uses Mutong， wine， stalactitum， loulu and other drugs to relieve breast milk in the treatment of women with postpartum milk stoppage. The prescriptions are good at uses sweet， warm and bitter cold products， and the treatment was mainly based on the lung and stomach. Among the eight methods， the clearing method and the tonic method are especially emphasized. In the treatment， the main treatment is to warm the Qi and blood and clear away heat and blood stasis.

Keywords：Shengjizonglu; Milk is Not Enough; Prescriptions; Rules of Medication

产后乳汁不下也就是现代的产后缺乳，主要表现为哺乳期产妇乳汁很少或者没有，无法满足婴儿的哺乳需求。而目前医学界普遍提倡母乳喂养，这不仅可以满足婴儿的营养需求，还能降低乳腺癌的发病率。西医目前无治疗的特效药，多用促胃肠动力+维生素E等药物，且副作用明显，而中医药在治疗方面更具有优势。《圣济总录》是北宋时期详述理法方药的一部医学全书，具有较高的研究价值，而妇人产后乳汁不下篇是目前中医经典古籍中涉及产后缺乳理法方药最为丰富且系统的。妇人产后乳汁不下篇指出一则气脉未顺，二则经脉空虚，故乳汁不下也。探索其用药规律可为中医中药在治疗方面开拓思路。……