高浓度抗生素制药废水实验研究

2021-07-21 15:09:46宋洪忱
科技创新导报 2021年8期

宋洪忱

摘要:采用微电解-蒸馏-厌氧-SBR处理工艺对抗生素废水进行深度处理研究,考察了废水的初始pH值、铁碳质量比、反应时间60min、曝气及过氧化氢投加量对微电解反应效果的影响。实验结果表明:溶液初始pH值为2~3,活性炭与铁屑的质量比1﹕1,过氧化氢体积分数0.1%(体积分数)、曝气条件下,COD的去除率为57.6%,处理后废水的可生化性有明显的改善,BOD/COD可达0.65。过氧化氢的投加与曝气对铁炭微电解反应有明显的强化作用,强化微电解反应后再采用混凝处理,PAM阳离子絮凝剂是本实验水样的最佳絮凝剂。在通过厌氧-SBR连用进行深度处理后,水质可以达到化学合成类制药工业水污染物二级排放标准(GB21904—2008),pH=6~9,COD=100~120mg/L,氨氮=20~25mg/L。

关键词:抗生素废水;微电解 ;蒸馏 ;厌氧 ;SBR

Experimental Study on High Concentration Antibiotic Pharmaceutical Wastewater

SONG Hongchen

(Zhongke Shenlan (Fujian) Environmental Technology Co., Ltd, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350100 China)

Abstract: The effect of initial pH, the ratio of iron to carbon, reaction time 60min, aeration and hydrogen peroxide dosage on the effect of micro electrolysis was studied. The results show that the initial pH of the solution is 2-3, the mass ratio of activated carbon to iron chip is 1: 1, the volume fraction of hydrogen peroxide is 0.1% (volume fraction), and the removal rate of COD is 57.6% under aeration condition. The biochemical properties of the wastewater after treatment have been improved obviously, and bod/cod can reach 0.65. The addition of hydrogen peroxide and aeration can obviously strengthen the iron carbon micro electrolysis reaction. After strengthening the micro electrolysis reaction, PAM cationic flocculant is the best flocculant. After the treatment with anaerobic SBR, the water quality can meet the secondary discharge standard of water pollutants in pharmaceutical industry of chemical synthesis (gb21904-2008), pH = 6-9, COD = 100-120mg/l, ammonia nitrogen = 20-25mg / L.

Key Words: Antibiotic wastewater; Micro electrolysis; Distillation; Anaerobic; SBR

1緒 论

1.1 抗生素废水介绍

抗生素废水主要有酸碱废水、洗涤废水、发酵废水和有机溶剂几种。发酵废水:主要指将有用物质提取后剩下的发酵残液,其中还含有大量没有得到利用的有机物成分和一些其它分解产物,为该类废水的主要污染源。

洗涤废水:这类废水的主要来源包括发酵罐、分离机清洗以及一些其它工段和地面的清洗工作,洗涤废水的水质通常类似于发酵废水,相对来说浓度稍低于后者。

其它废水:主要指生物制药厂的常规冷却水排放,通常浓度不高,能够直接进行排放,但出于环境保护要求建议最好回收利用。[1-2]

1.2 实验废水来源与水质

1.2.1废水来源

用于枸橼酸莫沙必利的主要生产原料包括氨基水杨酸钠、浓硫酸、DMF(N,N-二甲酸甲酰胺)、浓盐酸、甲醇、乙酸酐、碘乙烷、无水碳酸钾、NCS(N-氯代丁二酰亚胺)、固体氢氧化钠以及无水乙醇等。……

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