高温胁迫下3种多肉植物的生理指标变化及其适应性评价

张丽华 石磊 李素华 韩浩章 王芳 张楠

摘 要：通过盆栽试验，研究了‘小美女、‘柳叶莲华、‘天使之泪3种景天科植物在高温胁迫条件下的电导率、丙二醛（MDA）含量、可溶性蛋白含量、脯氨酸含量、叶绿素含量的变化规律。结果表明：随着高温时间的延长，‘天使之泪的电导率的上升幅度最大为45.20%，‘小美女的电导率始终处于较低水平;‘柳叶莲华的MDA含量呈下降趋势，‘天使之泪和‘小美女的MDA含量呈先上升后下降趋势，‘小美女的MDA含量始终是最低;‘天使之泪、小美女和‘柳叶莲华的可溶性蛋白含量9月份与7月份相比分别增加了25.29%、3.27%、61.90%，小美女的上升幅度最小;脯氨酸含量均呈迅速上升趋势，‘小美女的上升幅度最大为73.08%;‘天使之泪的叶绿素含量的上升幅度最高为119.54%，‘小美女和‘柳叶莲华的叶绿素含量呈缓慢下降后略有升高的趋势。结合隶属函数法综合评价，‘小美女的耐热性能最佳，‘柳叶莲华次之，‘天使之泪最差。

关键词：高温胁迫;景天科多肉;生理指标;耐热性

中图分类号 Q945.78文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731（2021）12-0010-04

Changes of Physiological Indexes and Adaptability Evaluation of Three Succulent Plants Under High Temperature Stress

ZHANG Lihua1 et al.

（1The Construction Engineering College， Suqian College， Suqian 223800， China）

Abstract： Pot experiment was conducted to study the changes of electrical conductivity， MDA content， soluble protein content， proline content and chlorophyll content of three Crassulaceae plants under high temperature stress. The results showed that： with the extension of high temperature time， the conductivity of Sedum treleasei increased by 45.20%， and the conductivity of Graptosedum ‘Little Beauty was always at a low level; the MDA content of Sedeveria hummellii showed a downward trend， the MDA content of Sedum treleasei sand Graptosedum ‘Little Beauty first increased and then decreased， and the MDA content of Graptosedum ‘Little Beauty was always the lowest; the soluble eggs of Sedum treleasei， Graptosedum ‘Little Beauty and Sedeveria hummellii showed a downward trend Compared with July， the white content in September increased by 25.29%， 3.27% and 61.90% respectively， with the smallest increase in Graptosedum ‘Little Beauty; the proline content showed a rapid upward trend， with the largest increase of 73.08% in Graptosedum ‘Little Beauty; the chlorophyll content of Sedeveria hummellii increased by 119.54% with the highest increase， and the chlorophyll content of GraptosedumLittleBeauty and Sedeveria hummellii decreased slowly and then increased slightly. Combined with the membership function method， the comprehensive evaluation results show that the heat resistance of Graptosedum ‘Little Beauty is the highest， followed by Sedeveria Hummellii， and Sedum treleasei is the lowest.

Key words： High temperature stress; Crassulaceae; Succulent physiological index; Heat tolerance

景天科多肉植物因其較高的观赏价值而受到了人们的喜爱，多年来大量应用于室内盆栽观赏，近年来多肉植物还应用于城市道路、公园的绿化中[1]。长三角地区夏季酷热，绝大多数的多肉植物都会出现生长缓慢甚至是停止生长的现象。研究表明，当植物遭受热胁迫时，可通过自身产生一定的渗透调节物质和相关酶来维持细胞稳定[2]。在有关多肉植物热胁迫的研究中，较多的集中在设施栽培、实验室环境下以及南方湿热环境下景天科多肉植物的耐热性评价[3-4]，而对于北方地区景天科多肉植物在干热环境的自然越夏的耐热性研究则较少。……