关于乘用车第三排座位安全问题探讨

2021-08-04 18:21:52卢燚王国杰
时代汽车 2021年11期

卢燚 王国杰

摘 要:随着七座车型的普及,汽车厂商为了市场占有率,也会追求更大的第三排空间,车辆尾部至第三排的座椅距离较短,同时为了翻折之后平整的后备厢,第三排座椅一般都比前排的单薄,所以发生追尾事故时,吸能区域较短,座椅更容易变形,容易挤压乘员空间,导致乘员受到较大伤害。本文基于某车企的七座车型,采用后面碰撞的形式,较为全面的分析了该车型第三排座位对乘员的保护效果,结果表明,所放假人的保护效果较差,安全约束系统配置不及前排和第二排座位,主要原因在于各大法规中有对前排和第二排有明确的技术要求。

关键词:第三排座位 约束系统 乘员保护

Discussion on the Safety of the Third Row of Passenger Cars

Lu Yi,Wang Guojie

Abstract:With the popularity of seven-seater models, automakers will also pursue greater third-row space for market share. The seat distance from the rear of the vehicle to the third row is shorter, and at the same time, for the flat trunk after folding, the third row of seats are generally thinner than the front row, so when a rear-end collision occurs, the energy absorption area is shorter, the seat is more likely to deform, and it is easy to squeeze the occupant space, resulting in greater injury to the occupants. Based on a seven-seat car model of a certain car company, this article uses the form of rear collision to analyze the protection effect of the third row of the car's occupants. The results show that the protection effect of the dummy is poor, and the safety restraint system is not equipped as the main reason for the front row and second row seats is that there are clear technical requirements for the front row and second row in the major regulations.

Key words:third row of seats, restraint system, occupant protection

1 引言

随着家庭组成结构和生育政策的变化,且2021年七座车年检新规定:6年以内7至9座非营运小微型客车纳入免检范围,超过6年不满10年的由每年检验1次调整为每两年检验1次的新政策下,中国汽车市场将会进入全新的消费时代,兼顾舒适性、大空间的七座车型将更受市场欢迎,主要车型有MPV和SUV,如通用别克GL8,本田奥德赛,丰田汉兰达、现代胜达等[1]。

从七座车型消费者的特征来看,基于家庭多人出行为目的用户比较多,而该群里中对车辆的安全性、空间、舒适性、品质感、便利性、动力性等因素有一定需求,但安全性尤为关注[2],如图2所示。我国汽车保有量不断增加,交通事故伤亡人数居高不下,2013年至2018年间,每年死亡人数大约6万,受伤人数大约20万[3],如图1所示,青少年占比大约2.5%[4]。……

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