梁丹 刘丹 王从磊 胡子全 王红霞 时晓伟 许庆芬 冯刚 王建贺

摘 要:小麦品种‘津强7号,‘津强8号,‘津强10号春小麦品种是由天津市农业科学院农作物研究所选育的系列强筋、早熟、多抗小麦新品种。通过对‘津强7号,‘津强8号,‘津强10号系普分析及育种手段研究,结果表明,以表型清晰,遗传背景明确的种质资源为基础,注重亲本的选配,结合蛋白标记、分子标记等多种育种方法结合的育种体系可以快速实现优质小麦新品种的高效选育。
关键词:小麦;津强系列;育种体系;种质资源
中图分类号:S512.1 文献标识码:A DOI 編码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2021.06.002
Pedigree Analysis of Jinqiang Wheat Varieties and Efficient System for Breeding Performance Research
LIANG Dan1,2, LIU Dan1,2, WANG Conglei1,2,HU Ziquan3,WANG Hongxia4, SHI Xiaowei1,2, XU Qingfen1,2, FENG Gang1,2, WANG Jianhe1,2
(1.Crop Research Institute, Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Tianjin 300384,China; 2.Tianjin Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Tianjin 300384, China; 3. Jieshou Agriculture Technology Extension Center, Fuyang, Anhui 236500, China 4. Tianjin Jizhou District Agricultural Development Service Center, Tianjin 301900,China)
Abstract: The common wheat varieties 'Jinqiang 7', 'Jinqing 8', 'Jinqiang 10' represented a series with strong gluten, early maturity and more resistance of bread wheat varieties cultivated by Tianjin Crop Research Institute,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The pedigree and breeding methods of Jinqiang series were analyzed in order to provide effective reference for subsequent wheat breeding. The analysis results showed that based on germplasm resources, paying attention to the selection of parents and combining protein markers and molecular marker-assisted breeding could quickly realize wheat breeding purpose with high efficiency.
Key words: wheat; Jinqiang series; breeding system; germplasm resources
小麦是我国第二大口粮作物,年播种面积约2 400 万hm2,其品质优劣直接影响人们日常生活[1]。20世纪90年代前,我国小麦育种以追求产量为主,生产上小麦筋力较差[2];90年代后开始注重品质育种,但育成的强筋小麦品种农艺性状差、产量低,难以在生产上大面积应用[3];随着人民生活水平提高,对强筋制品如面包、饺子等需求量也逐渐增大。因此,选育优质强筋高产小麦新品种是未来小麦育种目标之一。
‘津强7号,‘津强8号,‘津强10号选育有效的提升了我国小麦的品质[4-6]。上述品种在天津市、河北省、内蒙古自治区等春小麦种植区大面积推广,提升了强筋春小麦亩产。推广后,迅速取代主栽品种‘津强5号和‘津强6号,实现了品种更新换代[7- 8]。北方重要高端面粉加工企业加价收购,所产产品直接供货食品相关行业,实现一二三产业有机融合,极大促进了强筋小麦生产及面粉行业技术进步。……