光照对龙芽楤木茎段水培芽生长与品质的影响

申健 刘德江 杨志 丛慧颖 田立娟

摘要 為了研究光照条件对龙芽楤木茎段水培中嫩芽生长及品质的影响，先采用单因素试验进行光照时间、光照强度及光质对嫩芽生长的研究，通过对萌芽时间、芽长、鲜重和叶绿素含量的比较，筛选出较适宜光照条件。然后在单因素试验结果的基础上采用正交试验，通过比较嫩芽鲜重、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性总糖和维生素C含量优化水培光照条件。结果表明，采用补光措施可以使嫩芽的萌发时间提前3 d，但光照时间、光照强度及光质的不同对嫩芽萌发时间无显著影响。光照强度是鲜重的主要影响因素，当光照时间10 h、光照强度150 μmol/（m2·s）、红蓝2∶1时，鲜重最大，为46.07 g。光质是可溶性蛋白质和可溶性总糖的主要影响因素，光照时间6 h、光照强度150 μmol/（m2·s）、红蓝1∶2时，可溶性蛋白质含量最大，为8.5 g/kg。光照时间10 h、光照强度150 μmol/（m2·s）、红蓝2∶1时，可溶性总糖含量最大，为23.55 g/kg。光照时间是维生素C的主要影响因素，光照时间8 h、光照强度180 μmol/（2·s）、红蓝1∶2时，维生素C含量最大，为187.6 mg/kg。综合考虑影响各指标关键因素，可将龙芽楤木茎段水培光照条件设为光照时间8 h、光照强度150 μmol/（m2·s）、红蓝2∶1或红蓝1∶2，培养30 d后采收。

关键词 光照;龙芽楤木;水培;鲜重;品质

中图分类号 S647  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0044-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.012

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Effects of Light on the Growth and Quality of Hydroponics Buds in Stem of Aralia elata（Miq）Seem

SHEN Jian1，LIU De jiang1，YANG Zhi2 et al

（1. Life Sciences College，Jiamusi University，Jiamusi，Heilongjiang  154007;2. Liaoning Agricultural Technical College，Yingkou，Liaoning  115009）

Abstract In order to study the effects of light on the growth and quality of buds in stem of Aralia elata（Miq）Seem， the effects of light time， light intensity and light quality on the growth of buds were studied by single factor test. Through the comparison of germination time， bud length， fresh weight and chlorophyll content， more suitable light conditions were selected. Then， based on the results of single factor test， orthogonal test was used to optimize the light condition of hydroponics by comparing the fresh weight， soluble protein， soluble total sugar and vitamin C content. The results showed that light supplementation could advance the germination time by 3 days， but the light time， light intensity and light quality had no significant effect on the germination time. Light intensity was the main influencing factor of fresh weight. When the light time was 10 h， the light intensity was 150 μmol/（m2·s）， and the red and blue intensity was 2∶1， the fresh weight was the largest， which was 46.07 g. Light quality was the main factor affecting soluble protein and soluble total sugar. When the light time was 6 h， the light intensity was 150 μmol/（m2·s） and red and blue 1∶2， the soluble protein content was the largest， which was 8.5 g/kg. When the light time was 10 h， the light intensity was 150 μmol/（m2·s） and red and blue were 2∶1， the soluble total sugar content was the highest， which was 23.55 g/kg. Light time was the main factor affecting vitamin C. When the light time was 8 h，the light intensity was 180 μmol/（m2·s） and red and blue 1∶2， the content of vitamin C was the largest， which was 187.6 mg/kg. After comprehensive consideration of the key factors affecting each indicator， the light conditions of hydroponics in the stem of Aralia elata（Miq）Seem could be set as light time 8h， light intensity 150 μmol/（m2·s）， red and blue 2∶1 or red and blue 1∶2， and it could be harvested after 30 days of culture.

Key words Light;Aralia elata（Miq）Seem;Hydroponics;Fresh weight;Quality

龙芽楤木（Aralia elata （Miq）Seem），又名辽东楤木、刺老芽、刺嫩芽等，是五加科楤木属多年生落叶小乔木或灌木植物[1]。龙芽楤木耐寒性强，适应范围广，在我国多分布于黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、北京、河北等地，朝鲜、俄罗斯和日本也有少量分布[2]。……