免疫缺陷小鼠奇异变形杆菌的分离鉴定与药物治疗

马贯中 刘婕妤 王利云 张韬

摘要 从有腹泻症状的免疫缺陷小鼠体内分离出1株病原菌。对该分离菌株进行生化鉴定、16S rDNA测序和迁徙行为观察。经迁徙行为观察发现，该菌在1.5%LB上呈现弥漫性生长，在0.5%、1.0%的LB平板上的未见迁徙现象。该菌在DHL平板上的菌落特点与沙门氏菌相似，通过沙门氏菌手工生化鉴定、ATB细菌鉴定及16S rDNA分子测序比对证实该菌为奇异变形杆菌。通过药敏试验发现，该菌株对喹诺酮类药物敏感，抑菌圈直径为18～20 mm，而对多数药物中度敏感或不敏感。给腹泻小鼠饲喂喹诺酮类药物后，腹泻症状明显改善，发病率明显下降。该研究结果为奇异变形杆菌引起的免疫缺陷小鼠腹泻疾病的诊断和治疗提供了参考。

关键词 奇异变形杆菌;NYG小鼠;生化鉴定;动物试验;迁徙行为

中图分类号 S-852.61+2  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0086-06

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.021

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Isolation， Identification and Medical Treatment of Proteus mirabilis in Immunodeficient Mice

MA Guan zhong， LIU Jie yu， WANG Li yun et al

（Animal Core Facility of Nanjing Medical University，Nanjing，Jiangsu 211166）

Abstract A strain of pathogen was isolated from immunodeficient mice with diarrhea symptoms. The isolated strain was identified by biochemical identification， 16S rDNA sequencing and migration behavior observation. Through the migration behavior observation， it was found that the isolated strain showed diffuse growth on 1.5% LB and no migration on 0.5% and 1.0% LB plates. The colony characteristics of this strain on DHL plate were similar to that of Salmonella sp. The isolated strain was confirmed as Proteus mirabilis by manual biochemical identification， ATB bacterial identification and 16S rDNA molecular sequencing comparison. The drug sensitivity test also showed that the strain was sensitive to quinolones， with the inhibition zone diameter of 18-20 mm. But it was moderately sensitive or not sensitive to a variety of drugs. After the diarrhea mice were fed with quinolones， diarrhea symptoms were significantly improved， the incidence was significantly reduced. This study results provided references for the diagnosis and treatment of diarrhea caused by Proteus mirabilis.

Key words Proteus mirabilis;NYG mice;Biochemical identification;Animal experiment;Migration behavior

奇异变形杆菌为无荚膜、无芽孢、有鞭毛和有菌毛的革兰阴性杆菌，其广泛分布于自然界、动物粪便、临床标本以及人和动物的肠道内，是导致人和动物感染的重要条件致病菌。当机体抵抗力下降时，可引起脑膜炎、腹膜炎、败血症、尿路感染和呼吸道感染[1-2]。近年来，奇异变形杆菌感染流行趋势不断扩大，关于猪[3]、狐狸[4]、鸽子[5]、貂[6-7]、大熊猫[8]、大黄鱼[9]等动物及动物性食品[10-11]感染奇异变形杆菌的报道屡见不鲜，给人类和畜牧業发展带来较大的经济损失。此外，该菌还可引起人类原发性或继发性感染，也能造成人类食物中毒，其作为人畜共患传染病病原，应引起重视。……