杨德洁 王晔楠 余凤玉 牛晓庆 宋薇薇 唐庆华 覃伟权



摘要 以槟榔幼苗为研究对象, 研究不同浓度2,4-D丁酯对其生长情况、叶片生理特性及土壤微生物数量的影响。结果表明,低浓度(1.30×106 mg/kg)的2,4-D丁酯会促进槟榔幼苗生长,而高浓度(2.60×106 mg/kg及6.50×106 mg/kg)会抑制其生长。同时,随着2,4-D丁酯浓度的升高,槟榔苗的叶绿素含量均显著下降;土壤微生物的数量呈现先下降后升高再下降的趋势;此外,CAT和POD活性在5倍浓度处理时显著高于对照,SOD活性在2倍及5倍浓度处理时显著低于对照。
关键词 2,4-D丁酯;槟榔;生理特性;土壤微生物
中图分类号 S-482.4 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)13-0161-02
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.039
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Effects of 2,4 D Butyl Ester on Physiological Characteristics of Areca catechu L.Seedlings and Soil Microorganisms
YANG De jie,WANG Ye nan,YU Feng yu et al
(Coconut Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences/Hainan Innovation Center of Academician Team,Wenchang,Hainan 571339)
Abstract Effect of 2,4 D butyl ester treatment with different concentrations on physiological characteristics of Areca catechu L.seedlings and soil microorganisms was studied.The results showed that with the increase of 2,4 D butyl ester concentration,the chlorophyll content of Areca catechu L.seedlings decreased significantly,the growth of Areca catechu L.seedlings was increased initially,and then decreased;the number of soil microorganisms decreased initially,then increased and then decreased.In addition,the activities of CAT and POD were significantly higher than those of control at 5 times of concentration,while the activity of SOD was significantly lower than that of control at 2 and 5 times concentrations.
Key words 2,4 D butyl ester;Areca catechu L.;Physiological characteristics;Soil microorganism
檳榔是我国四大南药之首,其果、种子、皮、花均可入药,果皮可用于提取单宁[1],也是人们日常咀嚼嗜好品。由于槟榔比其他经济作物易于管理,在我国海南省广泛种植[2],是海南省第一大特色经济作物。海南槟榔的种植株间距较大,所以杂草为害严重[3],除草剂在槟榔园施用较多。其中施用较为普遍的2,4-D丁酯为苯氧羧酸类激素型除草剂,具有较强的内吸传导性[4],通常与其他除草剂混配使用来增强除草效果,对多种作物的产量和光合作用等均有一定程度的影响[5-6]。
由于近年来槟榔园叶片黄化现象严重,对槟榔产量的影响较大,使得种植槟榔的收益大幅下降。关于除草剂施用在其中发挥的作用方面研究较多[7],因此,笔者选用目前使用较为普遍的2,4-D丁酯,并以槟榔幼苗作为研究对象,对其叶片颜色变化、株高、叶长、叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性及根部微生物数量进行了研究,以期了解2,4-D丁酯对槟榔苗生长、光合作用及根部微生物的影响,探索其与槟榔叶片黄化的关系。……