不同花卉专用控释肥对白掌生长的影响

陆洁珊 李瑞荣 程凤娴 姬静华 涂攀峰 邓兰生 张巧玲

摘要 研究不同花卉专用控释肥对白掌生长的影响，为白掌栽培生产筛选合适的花卉专用控释肥，为我国花卉生产提供科学依据。以白掌品种“美酒”为供试作物，5种不同花卉专用控释肥为供试肥料，通过盆栽试验，研究不同花卉專用控释肥对白掌生长和整体品质的影响，施用控释肥（（15-10-12+2MgO+TE）控释期210～240 d）白掌株高、冠幅、EC值、分枝数、整体品质、鲜重等多方面表现突出。在出货期间，花卉专用控释肥（（15-10-12+2MgO+TE）控释期210～240 d）比施用等养分水溶肥料处理（CK）分别提高7.78%、29.91%、185.0%、21.2%、27.0%;花卉专用控释肥（（15-10-12+2MgO+TE）控释期210～240 d）的养分释放速率能够与白掌需肥规律同步，能够促进白掌对营养物质的吸收，从而提高肥料利用率。花卉专用控释肥（（15-10-12+2MgO+TE）控释期210～240 d）可作为白掌的推荐用肥。

关键词 控释肥;白掌;释放期;养分释放;生长

中图分类号 TQ-449+.1  文献标识码 A

文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0169-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.042

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Effects of Different Flower Specific Controlled release Fertilizers on the Growth of Spathiphyllum

LU Jie shan1，LI  Rui rong1，CHENG Feng xian2 et al

（1.Dongguan Yixiang Liquid Fertilizer Co.，Ltd./ Guangdong Liquid Fertilizer Engineering Technology Research Center，Dongguan，Guangdong 523135;2.College of Natural Resources and Environment，South China Agricultural University，Guangzhou，Guangdong 510642）

Abstract The effects of different flower specific controlled release fertilizers on the growth of Spathiphyllum were studied in order to screen suitable flower specific controlled release fertilizers for cultivation and production of Spathiphyllum and provide scientific basis for flower production in China.Five kinds of flower specific controlled release fertilizers were used to study the effects of different flower specific controlled release fertilizers on the growth and overall quality of Spathiphyllum by pot experiment.The application of controlled release fertilizer （（15-10-12 + 2MgO + TE） with 210 240 d controlled release period） showed outstanding effects on the height，crown width，EC value，branch numbers，overall quality and fresh weight of Spathiphyllump;compared with the application of water soluble fertilizer （CK） treatment，the flower specific controlled release fertilizer treatment increased by 7.78%，29.91%，185.0%，21.2% and 27.0%，respectively.The nutrient release rate of flower specific controlled release fertilizer （（15-10-12 + 2MgO + TE） with 210-240 d controlled release period） could keep pace with the law of fertilizer demand of white palm，and promote the absorption of nutrients by Spathiphyllum，so as to improve the fertilizer utilization rate.Flower specific controlled release fertilizer（（15-10-12 + 2MgO + TE） with 210-240 d controlled release period）could be used as the recommended fertilizer for Spathiphyllum.

Key words Controlled release fertilizer;Spathiphyllum;Release period;Nutrient release;Growth

白掌（Spathiphyllum kochii）为天南星科（Araceae）白鹤芋属（Alocasia）多年生常绿草本观叶植物。白掌花叶兼美，耐阴适应性强，居家摆放时间长[1]，具有极高的观赏价值。花卉栽培的要求是持久的绿色期或盛花期、色泽美丽、抗病性强和简化管理。常规肥料因养分易流失或被土壤固定等原因导致肥料利用效率不高，过量施肥导致土壤酸化、水体富集营养化等环境问题。随着人们生活水平的提高，对花卉需求量的日益增长，国内花卉栽培业的迅猛发展，对高品位的花卉专用肥料的需求量越来越大[2]。控释肥是提高肥料利用率的有效途径之一[3]。……