黄精多糖提取工艺优化及体外抗氧化研究

周东月 关敬 付博 孙群宙 赵美雅 刘露 张国斌 姜爽

摘要 [目的]考察黄精多糖的制备工艺及体外抗氧化作用。[方法]采用水提醇沉法提取黄精多糖，以多糖提取率为评价指标，在单因素试验的基础上采用正交试验优化最佳提取工艺。测定黄精多糖对DPPH、超氧阴离子、羟基自由基的清除能力，以及黄精多糖对三价铁的还原能力。[结果]最佳提取工艺条件为黄精药材粒度80目、料液比1∶25、pH 9、提取时间3.0 h。黄精多糖对DPPH、超氧阴离子、羟基自由基均有较强的清除能力，且清除能力随多糖浓度的升高而增大;黄精多糖对三价铁的还原能力与浓度成正相关。[结论]確定了水提醇沉法的最佳工艺参数，证明了黄精多糖具有较强的体外抗氧化活性。

关键词 黄精多糖;提取工艺;正交试验;体外抗氧化

中图分类号 R-284  文献标识码 A  文章编号 0517-6611（2021）13-0180-04

doi：10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.13.045

开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Study on Extraction Technology and Antioxidant Activity in vitro of Polygonatum Polysaccharide

ZHOU Dong yue， GUAN Jing， FU Bo et al

（Changchun University of Chinese Medicine，Changchun， Jilin 130117）

Abstract [Objective] To investigate the preparation technology of Polygonatum polysaccharide and its anti oxidant effect in vitro. [Method]Using water extraction and alcohol precipitation method to extract polysaccharides from Polygonatum odoratum， using Polygonatum odoratum polysaccharide extraction rate as an evaluation index， and using orthogonal experiment to optimize process conditions based on single factor experiment to determine the best process. The scavenging ability of Polygonatum polysaccharide on DPPH， superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical， and the reducing ability of Polygonatum polysaccharide on trivalent iron were determined. [Result] The optimal process conditions were that the particle size of Polygonatum medicinal material was 80 mesh， the ratio of material to liquid was 1∶25， pH 9， and the extraction time was 3.0 h. Polygonatum polysaccharides had strong scavenging ability for DPPH， superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical， and the scavenging ability varied with the concentration of polysaccharides. The reduction ability of Polygonatum polysaccharides to trivalent iron was also positively related to the concentration. [Conclusion] The optimal process parameters of the water extraction and alcohol precipitation method were determined， and Polygonatum polysaccharide had strong antioxidant activity in vitro.

Key words Polygonatum polysaccharide;Extraction process;Orthogonal test;In vitro antioxidant

黄精（Rhizom polyonati）为百合科植物滇黄精（Polyonatum kingianum Coil et Hemsl）、黄精（Polyonatum sibiricum Redoute）、多花黄精（Polyonatum cyrtonem Hua）的干燥根茎，味甘、性平，归脾肺肾经，在我国南方分布广泛[1]。黄精草药同源，在我国当前的大流行紧急情况下作为治疗COVID-19的替代药物成分，但其机制尚不清楚[2]。随着黄精在药理学、药物化学和临床研究方面的应用，其活性部位和有效成分成为新药研究和开发的热点。黄精含有多种化学成分，包括多糖、生物碱、甾体皂苷、三萜、木脂素、类黄酮、植物甾醇等[3-6]。其中，黄精多糖是黄精主要生物学活性成分之一，应用广泛，具有增强免疫力、抗炎、抗病毒、调节血脂和改善内皮功能等作用[7-9]。……