韩雨林
【摘 要】2020年伊始,新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎疫情迅速蔓延,造成了严重的经济冲击和社会影响。世卫组织宣布新冠疫情构成“国际关注的突发公共卫生事件”。在严格执行疫情防控规定的背景下,人员流动受到限制、工厂停摆、物流停运,加之我国外贸发展本身就面临一些外部挑战,而疫情导致全球需求进一步收窄,因此,疫情与外部挑战的叠加对我国外贸产生负面影响。论文就新冠疫情对天津外贸的影响进行探讨,并据此提出了对策建议。
【Abstract】At the beginning of 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic has spread rapidly, causing serious economic impact and social influence. The World Health Organization announced that the epidemic situation constitutes a "public health emergency of international concern". In the context of strict implementation of the epidemic prevention and control regulations, the flow of personnel is restricted, factories are closed, and logistics are shut down. In addition, China's foreign trade development itself is facing some external challenges, and the epidemic has further narrowed global demand. Therefore, the combination of the epidemic and external challenges has a negative influence on China's foreign trade. This paper discusses the influence of the COVID-19 epidemic on Tianjin's foreign trade and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions accordingly.
【关键词】天津;疫情;贸易;产业链改革
【Keywords】Tianjin; epidemic situation; trade; industrial chain reform
【中图分类号】F752.8 【文献标志码】A 【文章编号】1673-1069(2021)06-0120-02
1 新冠疫情对天津外贸的影响
2020年3月,海关总署发布公告,中国2020年前2个月的进出口贸易总值为4.12万亿元,同比下降9.6%,其中进口总值为2.08万亿元,同比下降2.4%,出口总值为2.04万亿元,同比下降15.6%,贸易逆差为425.9亿元,全国外贸进出口不容乐观。近年来,天津贸易正处于产业转型、贸易改革阶段,不期而至的疫情不仅对天津的经济带来巨大的影响,也打乱了天津的贸易战略发展进程。根据国家统计局显示,2020年一季度天津市地区生产总值为874.35亿元,同比下降9.5%,地区生产总值指数同比下降14%。受各种因素影响,相关国家减少或者关闭航空、港口、边境的措施为天津的对外贸易带来很大的负面影响。
1.1 贸易需求与供给发生变化
疫情发生后,中央采取了有效的封城、居家隔离、企业延缓复工等防护措施,有效地控制了疫情的传播,同时,面对全国的停工停业,贸易的供给也大大降低。……