王钰 倪继龙 李敏杰 张思宇 董凯璇 沈春蕾 张宾 水珊珊



摘 要:鮐鱼组氨酸含量较高,在低温贮藏中品质易发生劣变,影响其食用安全性。以-18 ℃冻藏的鲐鱼为研究对象,在贮藏0、10、20、40、60、80、100 d后分别取样,测定鲐鱼风味、过氧化值、酸价、硫代巴比妥酸反应物(thiobarbituric acid reactive substances,TBARs)值和脂肪酸成分的变化,研究低温冻藏过程中鲐鱼脂肪氧化规律。结果表明:冻藏初期,鲐鱼中风味物质以氮氧化合物为主,随着冻藏时间的逐渐延长,各挥发性风味物质响应强度逐渐增强;鲐鱼的酸价和过氧化值呈现先上升后下降再上升的趋势;鲐鱼的TBARs值呈现明显的上升趋势,且贮藏时间越长,增加速率越快;鲐鱼的饱和脂肪酸含量随着冻藏时间的延长而增加,而不饱和脂肪酸含量呈下降趋势,脂肪氧化程度增强。
关键词:鲐鱼;低温冻藏;风味;脂肪酸;脂肪氧化
Oxidation Characteristics of Lipids in Mackerel during Cryopreservation
WANG Yu, NI Jilong, LI Minjie, ZHANG Siyu, DONG Kaixuan, SHEN Chunlei, ZHANG Bin, SHUI Shanshan*
(College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China)
Abstract: Mackerel has high histidine content, thereby suffering from quality deterioration during frozen storage and consequently affecting its safety for human consumption. To investigate the oxidation characteristics of lipids during its frozen storage, mackerel were frozen at ?18 ℃ and evaluated for flavor, acid value (AV), peroxide value (POV), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) value and fatty acid composition (FAC) after 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 days. The results showed that nitrogen oxides were the main flavor substances in mackerel at the early stage of frozen storage. The intensity of volatile flavor substances was gradually enhanced with increasing freezing time. Both the AV and POV rose, then decreased and finally increased again. The TBARs value showed a significant upward trend; the longer the storage period, the higher the growth rate. FAC analysis demonstrated that the content of saturated fatty acids increased with prolonging frozen storage time, while the content of unsaturated fatty acids showed a decreasing trend; the degree of lipid oxidation increased.
Keywords: mackerel; cryopreservation; flavor; fatty acid; lipid oxidation
DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210517-137
中图分类号:TS254.4 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1001-8123(2021)06-0063-06
引文格式:
王钰, 倪继龙, 李敏杰, 等. 鲐鱼低温冻藏过程中脂肪氧化特性[J]. 肉类研究, 2021, 35(6): 63-68. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210517-137. http://www.rlyj.net.cn
WANG Yu, NI Jilong, LI Minjie, et al. Oxidation characteristics of lipids in mackerel during cryopreservation[J]. Meat Research, 2021, 35(6): 63-68. DOI:10.7506/rlyj1001-8123-20210517-137. http://www.rlyj.net.cn
鲐鱼(Pneumatophorus japonicus)又名白腹鲭、日本鲭,属鲭科、鲈形目、鲐属,属青皮红肉多脂鱼,是一种主要活动在近海沿岸中上层的洄游鱼类。鲐鱼在我国主要分布在南海、东海及黄海等海域,在我国的中上层经济鱼类中,属于较为重要的一类。鲐鱼富含多种营养物质,如对人体有益的不饱和脂肪酸二十二碳六烯酸、二十碳五烯酸等以及其他必需的营养素,具有很高的营养价值,在预防心脑血管硬化、神经衰弱、肠道疾病等方面具有良好的功效[1],因此深受消费者喜爱。……