葛伟
摘 要:在普速铁路工程中,钢轨接头作为线路薄弱环节与工务段维护工作重点,钢轨接头运行工况直接影响到铁路列车行驶安全。根据普速铁路实际运营情况来看,受到结构不平顺和道床板结等因素影响,钢轨接头易出现顶面剥落、捣固不实、联结零件松动伤损等病害问题,存在安全隐患,严重威胁了铁路列车的行驶安全。为解决这一问题,本文对普速铁路轨道接头病害产生原因进行探讨,提出相应的整治措施,以供参考。
关键词:普速铁路 钢轨接头 病害原因 整治措施
中图分类号:U216 文献标识码:A文章编号:1674-098X(2021)04(b)-0031-03
Discussion on Rail Joint Defects and Treatment Measures of General-Speed Railway
GE Wei
(Shanghai Public Works Section of China Railway Shanghai Group Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200040 China)
Abstract: In general-speed railway projects, rail joints are the weak link of the line and the focus of maintenance work in the public works section. The operating conditions of the rail joints directly affect the safety of railway trains. According to the actual operation of general-speed railways, due to structural irregularities and track bed compaction, rail joints are prone to top surface peeling, improper tamping, loosening and damage of connecting parts, and other diseases, which pose safety hazards and serious threats. This improves the safety of railway trains. In order to solve this problem, this article discusses the causes of common-speed railway track joint diseases and proposes corresponding remedial measures for reference.
Key Words: General-speed railway; Rail joint; Disease cause; Remedial measures
1 普速铁路钢轨铁头病害产生的原因
1.1 钢轨接头结构平顺度不达标
在列车驶过钢轨接头部位时,由于钢軌间往往存在着轨缝,两根钢轨受到铁路列车所带来的撞击力,轨面易产生塑性变形,导致轨面处于高低、左右错牙和低接头状态,形成高差,无法在微观层面上保持原有的连续直线状态,致使钢轨部件磨损速度加快,钢轨接头结构不平顺,并以此为诱因引发接头压堆、形成马鞍形等病害问题的出现。
1.2 材质缺陷
由于安装钢轨接头部件的制造工艺需进一步提升,使用的部件自身存在质量缺陷,如钢轨淬火强度不足、温控不到位、分布细微裂缝等。如果将存在材质缺陷的钢轨接头投入使用,在钢轨接头承受过往铁路列车冲击力时,有较大可能出现鞍形过度磨损、扭矩不足、轨缝过大、顶面剥落掉块、上缘磨蚀和夹板永久变形等质量病害,进而威胁到过往铁路列车的行驶安全。……