苏雄 折叶军 刘粉艳 高红艳

摘 要:装配式新型保温大棚桃主干形促早栽培技术是通过芽苗栽培当年培养成形及形成花芽,第2年实现挂果。在生产实践中应用并推广了装配式新型保温大棚大棚桃主干形整形修剪及二级挂果技术,该技术操作简单,易于管理,实现了桃设施栽培傻瓜化管理。
关键词:装配式;桃;主干形;促早
文章编号:2096-8108(2021)04-0055-02 中图分类号:S662.1 文献标识码:A
Early Cultivation Technology of Peach Stem-shaped in
Assembled New Thermal Insulation Greenhouse
SU Xiong1, SHE Yejun2,LIU Fengyan3, GAO Hongyan2
(1.The Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station of Rocky Mountain in Shenmu,
Shenmu 719300, China;2.The Farmer Training Center in Shenmu,Shenmu 719300, China;
3.The agricultural technology extension center in Shenmu,Shenmu 719300,China)
Abstract:The peach stem-shaped early-promoting cultivation technology of a new type of prefabricated thermal insulation greenhouse, which is cultivated and formed flower buds in the first year of sprout cultivation, and fruit bearing is realized in the second year. In the production practice, the peach trunk shaping and pruning and secondary fruit-hanging technology of the new fabricated thermal insulation greenhouse is applied and promoted. The technology is simple to operate, easy to manage, and realizes the fool-like cultivation of peaches in facility cultivation.
Keywords:assembly type; peach; trunk shape; early promotion
近年來,随着我市经济实力的不断增强,设施农业大力发展,当地推广修建了成片成片的装配式新型保温大棚,随之果树设施促成栽培如雨后春笋般在我市各地大力发展。桃设施栽培也随之发展起来,经济效益不错[1]。为了使技术简单易操作,管理傻瓜化,在实践中推广了装配式新型保温大棚桃主干形促早栽培技术。
1 装配式新型保温大棚
装配式新型保温大棚是一种前后屋面覆盖了保温被的新型保温大棚,建造成本比寿光式土墙温室降低9.2%,土地利用率提高了30%以上。通过扩大室内地面蓄热,同时配套地下防寒隔热、多层保温和水热交换,生物发酵池, 补光灯,杀虫灯,自动通风,自动卷帘,监控以及远程控制于一体的半自动化新型保温大棚,如图1。
2 桃主干形促早栽培技术
2.1 品种选择及栽植
桃品种有曙光、黄水蜜、中油27号、7-17油桃等。
栽植以南北方向为行向,株行距1.0 m×2.4 m,栽植前开沟宽×高为60 cm×80 cm,每亩施有机肥10~12 m3。苗木选择优质一级芽苗,667 m2栽植278株。装配式新型保温大棚在桃休眠期任何时间都可以栽植,为了能够栽植当年培养好树形,一般选择在10月下旬桃落叶提早栽植,为下一年的提早管理做准备[2]。……