齐静 王丽娟

摘 要:从指南制订背景、理论基础、指南目标、受众群体、指南框架、建议内容及益处等方面,对加拿大和澳大利亚儿童青少年24小时活动指南进行分析。研究发现,加、澳两国儿童青少年24小时活动指南的研制具有政府主导、多领域协同制订,全纳目标人群,强调身体活动、久坐行为和睡眠3种活动协同效应,基于最新科学证据,符合本国国情特征以及家长、教师、教育机构共同参与等鲜明特征。我国在现有《中国儿童青少年身体活动指南》基础上,应考虑制订中国儿童青少年24小时活动指南,全面提高促进我国儿童青少年健康成长的科学引领与指导水平。
关 键 词:儿童青少年;身体活动指南;加拿大;澳大利亚
中图分类号:G806 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-7116(2021)03-0119-07
Abstract: Through the terms of introducing backgrounds, theoretical basis, guideline objectives, target populations, guideline structures, suggestion contents and benefits of the two countries guidelines, the study analyzes the 24-hour physical activity guidelines for children and adolescents in Australia and Canada. The results of the study show that the extraordinary characteristics for physical activity guidelines from both Australia and Canada includes as follows: creating the guidelines through the domination of the state and the synchronized collaboration of multiple subjects, specifying age groups of target populations and emphasizing the synchronized effect with physical activity, sedentary behavior and sleep, producing guidelines based on the latest research evidence, complying with the local national situation, and paying more attention to supports from parents, educators, and educational organizations. The study suggests that based on Physical Activity Guidelines for Chinese Children and Adolescents at present our country should consider create and promote Chinese 24-hour physical activity guidelines for children and adolescents, in order to comprehensively promoting and improving the scientific direction and guidance level about healthy growth and development for Chinese children and adolescents.
Key words: children and adolescents;physical activity guidelines;Canada;Australia
近20年来,伴随着学业压力的不断增大以及科技的迅猛发展,特别是最近几年智能手机应用和电子游戏的迅速普及,儿童青少年生活方式发生了巨大变化,包括身体活动减少、久坐时间及屏幕时间增多、睡眠时间不足且质量下降,这些不良生活方式导致儿童青少年健康水平每况愈下,引起了国际社会和各国政府对一天24小时中身体活动、久坐行为和睡眠3种模式的关注。加拿大于2016年率先制定与发布《加拿大儿童青少年24小時活动指南:融合身体活动、久坐行为和睡眠》[1]。澳大利亚于2019年发布《澳大利亚儿童青少年(5~17岁)24小时活动指南:融合身体活动、久坐行为和睡眠》[2]。这两部活动指南融合儿童青少年的身体活动、久坐行为和睡眠情况,为改善儿童青少年生活方式提供了更全面、更科学的指导。……