环境不确定性下企业社会资本与商业模式创新关系研究

李忠顺 王少瑜

摘 要：為深入探讨环境不确定性下社会资本对商业模式创新的作用机制，基于社会资本理论和组织学习理论，研究组织学习（利用式学习、探索式学习）在社会资本（结构性社会资本、关系型社会资本）与商业模式创新关系中的中介作用以及环境不确定性（竞争强度、技术不确定性）在其中的调节作用，通过构建社会资本对商业模式创新影响机制的理论模型，从珠三角地区获得191家有效样本企业数据并作为研究对象，使用SPSS 20分析工具和多元线性回归分析方法对相关假设进行分析和检验。研究结果表明，结构型、关系型社会资本对商业模式创新均有显著积极作用，利用式、探索式学习在关系型社会资本与商业模式创新关系间均起部分中介作用，探索式学习在结构型社会资本与商业模式创新关系中起完全中介作用。此外，竞争强度负向调节结构型社会资本与商业模式创新的关系，正向调节关系型社会资本与商业模式创新的关系，技术不确定性正向调节结构型社会资本与商业模式创新的关系。竞争强度正向调节利用式学习与商业模式创新的关系，负向调节探索式学习与商业模式创新的关系。

关键词：社会资本;商业模式创新;组织学习;环境不确定性;中介效应;调节效应

中图分类号：F 270.7   文献标识码：A   文章编号：1672-7312（2021）04-0382-09

Research on the Relationship between Corporate Social Capital and

Business Model Innovation under Environmental Uncertainty

LI Zhongshun1，WANG Shaoyu2

（1.School of Management，Guangdong University ofTechnology，Guangzhou 510520，China;

2.Guangzhou South China Business and TradeCollege，Guangzhou 510550，China）

Abstract：In order to deeply explore the mechanism ofsocial capital on business model innovation under environmental uncertainty，

based on social capital theory and organizational learning theory，the paperexplores the mediating role of organizational learning （exploitation learning，

exploratory learning） and the moderating effect of environmental uncertainty（competitive intensity，technological uncertainty） between social capital（structural social capital，relational learning） and business modelinnovation.Through the construction of a theoretical model of the influencemechanism of social capital on business model innovation，191 valid sampleenterprises were collected from the Pearl River Delta region and used as theresearch object，the relevant hypotheses were analyzed and tested by usingSPSS.20 analysis tools and multiple linear regression analysis methods.Theresults show that structural and relational social capitals have a significantpositive effect on business model innovation.Both exploitation and exploratorylearning play a partial mediating role between relational social capital andbusiness model innovation.Exploratory learning plays a completely mediating rolebetween structural social capital and business model innovation.In addition，

competitive intensity negatively moderates the relationship between structuralsocial capital and business model innovation，and positively moderates therelationship between relational social capital and business modelinnovation.Technology uncertainty positively moderates the relationship betweenstructural social capital and business model innovation.Further，competitiveintensity positively moderates the relationship between exploitation learning andbusiness model innovation，and negatively moderates the relationship betweenexploratory learning and business model innovation.

Key words：social capital;business model innovation;

organizational learning;environmental uncertainty;mediating role;moderatingeffect

0 引言

在当前技术快速迭代、竞争环境异常复杂的数字经济时代，商业模式创新活动的开展越来越需要企业频繁与外界交流互动以获取有益于企业创新的外部知识和资源，它们是企业选择商业模式类型和商业模式创新的重要依据[1]。……