甲状腺癌早期颈转移前实施彩超在疾病诊断中的临床效果

黄聪聪

[摘要] 目的 探讨甲状腺癌早期颈转移前实施彩超在疾病诊断中的效果。 方法 选取2019年1月至2020年3月我院肿瘤科收治的甲状腺癌早期颈转移患者60例作为研究对象，全部患者在手术治疗前均接受彩超检查，分析彩超在甲状腺癌早期颈转移中的诊断效果。 结果 本组60例患者接受术前彩超检查后，58例患者得到准确诊断，确诊率为96.67%;本组患者共包括63个恶性结节，其中甲状腺乳头状癌49个，甲状腺未分化癌5个，甲状腺滤泡状癌7个，甲状腺髓样癌2个;58例确诊患者中颈部阳性率高于上颈部、气管旁与下颈部阳性率，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;Ⅲ区域阳性率高于Ⅳ区域、Ⅱ区域与Ⅵ区域阳性率，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 甲状腺癌早期颈转移前实施彩超检查可使甲状腺癌早期颈转移得到有效诊断，为疾病的治疗提供参考。

[关键词] 甲状腺癌;早期颈转移;彩色多普勒超声;疾病诊断;阳性率

[中图分类号] R445.1;R736.1          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2021）21-0093-03

Clinical effect of color ultrasonography before early cervical metastasis of thyroid carcinoma in disease diagnosis

HUANG Congcong

Department of Functional Examination，Beijing Aerospace General Hospital，Beijing   100076，China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of color ultrasonography before early cervical metastasis of thyroid carcinoma in disease diagnosis. Methods A total of 60 patients with early cervical metastasis of thyroid carcinoma who were admitted to the Department of Oncology in our hospital from January 2019 to March 2020 were selected as the research subjects. All patients were treated with color ultrasound examination before surgical treatment to analyze the diagnostic effect of color ultrasonography？in early cervical metastasis of thyroid carcinoma. Results In this group， after 60 patients were treated with preoperative color ultrasound examination， 58 patients were accurately diagnosed， with a diagnosis rate of 96.67%. In this group， 63 malignant nodules were observed， including 49 papillary thyroid carcinomas， 5 undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas， 7 follicular thyroid carcinomas， and 2 medullary thyroid carcinomas. The positive rate of middle neck in 58 patients was higher than that of upper neck， paratracheal and lower neck， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The positive rate in Ⅲ area was higher than that in Ⅳ area， Ⅱ area and Ⅵ area， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion Color ultrasonography before early cervical metastasis of thyroid carcinoma can effectively diagnose early cervical metastasis of thyroid carcinoma and provide reference for the treatment of the disease.

[Key words] Thyroid carcinoma; Early cervical metastasis; Color doppler ultrasound; Disease diagnosis; Positive rate

甲狀腺癌属于头颈部恶性肿瘤，其在临床上具有较高发病率，占机体恶性肿瘤的1%～2%，且相较于男性，女性具有更高的发病率，男女比例1∶1.5[1]，其会对患者机体健康产生严重危害。有研究报道称，为改善患者疾病预后，就需要对疾病进行早期诊治[1]。甲状腺癌具有复杂分型，同时不同分型的肿瘤具有不同的病理生理发展规律，部分肿瘤不具有明显的临床症状，且生长速度十分缓慢，而部分肿瘤的生长速度较快，同时可对周围组织造成浸润[2]。甲状腺癌恶性程度通常较低，但当甲状腺癌与颈部位置距离较近时，容易发生甲状腺癌颈部转移。目前临床对甲状腺癌早期颈转移进行诊断时，应用的方法主要为颈部触诊，但该检查方式具有较低的临床确诊率[3]。有研究报道，对甲状腺癌早期颈转移实施彩色多普勒超声检查，可使甲状腺癌早期颈转移的位置、大小以及区域均得到明确，提升临床确诊率[4]。本研究选取甲状腺癌早期颈转移患者60例，旨在探讨甲状腺癌早期颈转移前实施彩超在疾病诊断中的效果，现报道如下。