英语写作错点分析——句型混乱型

鹿焕婷

很多同学对句型掌握得不牢固，对相似句型分析不透彻，用起来易于混淆，造成错句。

1. 他不可能通过考试。

误：It is impossible of him to pass the exam.

正：It is impossible for him to pass the exam.

析：这是一个没有区别清楚“It is+adj.+of+sb. to do sth.”与“It is+adj.+for+sb. to do sth.”两句型的典型错误。如果句中的形容词与某人之间存在逻辑关系，用of以说明其本身所具有的特点。如：It is very kind of you to say so. （可以说：You are very kind.）;如果句中的形容词与某人之间不存在逻辑关系则使用for。如：It is important for us to learn English well. （不能说：We are important.）。

2. 他去巴黎了。

误：He has been to Paris.

正：He has gone to Paris.

析：have been 表示某人去过某地，现在不在那里;has gone 表示某人到某地去了，现在不在这里。

3. 这是我有生以来第一次搭乘飞机。

误：This is the first time I took an airplane in my life.

正：This is the first time I have taken an airplane in my life.

析：This is the first time后面的从句应该用现在完成时，而It is time that后面的句子用一般过去时。如：该是上床睡觉的时间了。译为“Its time that we went to bed.”。

4. 他表示希望再到中国来访问。

误： He expressed the hope which he would come over to visit China again.

正：He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.

析：误句是把同位语从句和定语从句混用。在同位语从句中，连词that不作句子成分，也无实际意义，只是用来引导同位语从句说明主句的内容。在定语从句中that或which一方面替代先行词，一方面引导从句，而且必须在定语从句中充当主语或宾语等成分。

5. 我昨天晚上直到10點才做完作业。

误：It was not until 10 oclock last night when I finished my homework.

正：It was not until 10 oclock last night that I finished my homework.

析：强调句与定语从句混用。“It+be+被强调成分+that / who+陈述句”构成强调句结构，如果被强调的是人则用that或who，其它用that。that或who不作成分也无实际意义。而定语从句中的when替代表示时间的先行词且在定语从句中作时间状语。

6. 过了大门你就会找到动物园的入口。

误：Go through the gate， youll find the entrance of the zoo.

正：Go through the gate， and youll find the entrance to the zoo.

正：If you go through the gate， youll find the entrance to the zoo.

析：误句中前后两部分无连接词，使整个句子不伦不类，既不是复合句也不是并列句。所以应该用if引导条件状语从句构成复合句，或者用and连结构成并列句。下面的构成也是错误的：If you go through the gate， and youll find the entrance to the zoo.。此外，表示“……的入口”用介词to。