李梓豪 张晓明










摘要:永磁无刷电机以其优秀的转矩平稳性、快速响应以及低速大转矩直驱特性广泛应用于高精度数控机床、仿真平台和工矿企业的节能改造当中。在其电磁设计过程中通过采用Halbach磁极阵列可以有效提高永磁直流无刷电机的磁负荷并且降低转子磁动势谐波含量,有利于提升电机转矩密度、降低转矩脉动和电磁噪声。本文建立了一台永磁无刷电机的二维电磁模型,比较了电机采用Halbach结构前后的电磁性能,仿真研究表明电机在采用Halbach结构后,整体电磁性能有所提高,能够增强仿真转台的平稳性,对于实际工程技术应用具有一定的意义。
Abstract: Permanent magnet brushless motor(PMBM) is widely used in high-precision computerized numerical control machine, simulation platform and energy-saving transformation of industrial and mining enterprises due to its excellent torque stability, fast response and low-speed high torque direct drive characteristics. In the electromagnetic design process, the magnetic load of PMBM can be effectively improved, the harmonic content of rotor magnet motive force can be reduced by the Halbach permanent magnet array which is beneficial to increase the motor torque density, reduce torque ripple and electromagnetic noise. In this paper, the two-dimensional electromagnetic model of a PMBM is established, the electromagnetic performance of the motors is compared in details with or without Halbach permanent magnet array. The simulation result shows that the overall electromagnetic performance of the motor is improved after using Halbach structure, which can enhance the stability of the simulator, which has certain significance for practical engineering application.
關键词:永磁无刷力矩电机;Halbach永磁阵列;转矩脉动;有限元分析
Key words: permanent magnet brushless motor;Halbach permanent magnet array;torque ripple;finite element method
中图分类号:TM351 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-957X(2021)14-0066-06
0 引言
永磁无刷电机的概念最早形成于上世纪50年代,在70年代左右美国率先完成了该类电机的市场化进程[1]。随着稀土永磁材料的逐步发展,永磁体得到了普遍的应用[2],这为减小电机体积,进而提高电机整体电磁性能起到了很好的促进作用[3-4]。20世纪90年代,Halbach结构的磁屏蔽特性被应用到电机领域[5]。此后,国内外许多学者研究了Halbach阵列在永磁电机中的应用[6-8]。本文建立了一台永磁无刷力矩电机的二维电磁模型,通过采用3段Halbach磁极阵列结构对电机进行优化,通过仿真表明,采用Halbach磁极阵列结构能够明显提升电机性能,能够增强仿真转台的平稳性,具有一定的工程实际意义。
1 Halbach磁体结构及特性
Halbach磁极阵列指每个磁极是由多个按特定充磁方向的永磁体顺序排列而成的。……