立式水力碎浆机用减速机轴承失效分析

邢磊 曹俊 潘金成 刘新资 孙承跃

摘要：立式水力碎浆机是一种常用的碎浆设备，针对立式水力碎浆机减速机中轴上端轴承的失效问题，在对其应用工况与检测数据分析的基础上，通过分析可知，出现失效的主要原因有疲劳剥落与杂质进入到润滑油导致的磨损失效和腐蚀失效。在明确了失效原因的基础上，针对具体原因制定出了解决的方案，主要方法有：安装时注意轴承与端盖间的轴向间隙和径向间隙、安装与运输过程中防止轴承受到冲击、注意随时检测润滑油的水含量。通过这些方法有助于解决轴承的失效问题，增强减速机运行的平稳性和高效性。

Abstract： Vertical hydraulic pulper is a commonly used pulping equipment. Aiming at the failure of the upper end bearing of the shaft of the reducer of the vertical hydraulic pulper， based on the analysis of its application conditions and test data， through analysis It can be seen that the main reasons for the failure are wear failure and corrosion failure caused by fatigue peeling and impurities entering the lubricating oil. On the basis of clarifying the cause of the failure， a solution was developed for the specific reason. The main methods are： pay attention to the axial and radial gaps between the bearing and the end cover during installation， prevent the bearing from being impacted during installation and transportation， Pay attention to checking the water content of lubricating oil at any time. These methods help to solve the problem of bearing failure and enhance the smoothness and efficiency of the reducer.

关键词：碎浆机;减速机;轴承;失效原因;解决方案

Key words： pulper;reducer;bearing;failure reason;solution

中图分类号：TS732                                       文献标识码：A                                  文章编号：1674-957X（2021）14-0143-02

0  引言

立式水力碎浆机是传统的常用的碎浆设备，其碎浆作用主要是由于转子的机械作用和转子回转时所引起的水力剪切作用，用于碎解浆板、损纸、废纸等。立式水力碎浆机用减速机运行12个月后，减速机中轴上端盖附近振动检测异常，拆开后发现中轴上端轴承内圈滚道有剥落。根据应用工况和结构分析，找到失效原因，避免以后出现类似的问题。

1  立式碎浆机用减速机应用工况和检测数据

立式水力碎浆机用减速机应用环境潮湿，立式水力碎浆机经常会产生漏浆和漏水现象[1]。现场减速机24小时运转，配有压力润滑系统和检测系统。减速机采用立式直交两级传动，齿轮箱结构如图1所示。……