黄俊 占明飞 黄杰 陈莹莹 王伟
摘要 为了解新沂浮游植物群落结构的多样性特征,于2019年夏季对新沂市主要河流、湖泊的浮游植物群落结构进行调查。结果表明:共鉴定出浮游植物7门84属,其中以绿藻门居多,其次是硅藻门和蓝藻门。采样点浮游植物密度在303.3×104~8 676.8×104个/L,生物量在2.46~21.11 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数为1.26~3.32,Pielou均匀度指数为0.53~0.86,Margalef多样性指数为0.37~2.42。基于优势种的等级聚类和非度量多维标度分析结果表明,样本群落可分为2组。不同空间的环境差异造成了浮游植物群落结构差异,沭河和沂河的浮游植物组成相似度较低,但沭河和水库的浮游植物组成相似度较高。
关键词 浮游植物;群落结构;新沂
中图分类号 Q145 文献标识码 A
文章编号 0517-6611(2021)17-0074-04
doi:10.3969/j.issn.0517-6611.2021.17.020
Abstract In order to understand the diversity characteristics of the phytoplankton community structure in Xinyi, the main rivers and lakes in Xinyi City were investigated in the summer of 2019.The results showed that there were 84 genera of phytoplankton in 7 phyla.The Chlorophyta was the most abundance taxa and followed by Diatom and Cyanophyta.The phytoplankton density of the whole sampling points was 303.3×104-8 676.8×104cells/L,and the biomass was 2.46-21.11 mg/L,Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 1.26-3.32,Pielou evenness index was 0.53-0.86,the Margalef index was 0.37-2.42.The results of hierarchical clustering and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling analysis showed that sampling points can be divided into two groups.The structure of phytoplankton communities were influenced by spaces.The similarity of phytoplankton composition between Shuhe and Yihe was low,but the similarity of phytoplankton composition between Shuhe and the reservoir was relatively high.
Key words Phytoplankton;Community structure;Xinyi
近年來,随着生物多样性保护工作的开展,区域性水生态本底调查资料日趋增多。浮游植物作为区域水生态调查的重要组成部分,在指示水质、判断水体健康程度等方面具有积极应用[1-3]。早在2000年,欧盟水框架指令(WFD)就将浮游植物纳入河流湖泊监测范围[4],与传统理化监测方式相比,通过监测浮游植物的群落特征可以全面及时地掌握水环境质量的动态变化过程,但难以确定污染物的种类、浓度,灵敏性和专一性也不如理化检测[5-6]。
新沂位于江苏北部、徐州市东部(117°59′~118°39′E,34°06′~34°26′N),东靠沭阳、东海,南隔沂河、骆马湖与宿迁相望,西邻邳州,北邻山东郯城县,土地总面积1 616 km2。境内河流纵横,水面广阔,流域性河湖有沭河、沂河、新沂河、中运河、骆马湖,区域性河道有17条,河道总长374 km,中小型水库30座,总库容9 897万m3。……