助催化剂强化电芬顿技术去除水中难降解有机物的研究进展

郑豪 程松 沈晨 于伟华 刘福强

摘 要：化工、医药等行业会产生大量含难降解有机物的工业废水，这类废水成分复杂、毒性大，已成为工业水处理领域的难题。电芬顿技术因具有高效去除能力而备受关注，但传统的电芬顿技术仍面临铁离子在中性条件下稳定性差、三价铁还原速率慢、过氧化氢产量低等问题。通过投加有机或无机配体、过渡金属协同作用、杂原子修饰碳材料等不同强化方法，可有效解决上述难题，从而强化电芬顿技术处理效果。综述助催化剂强化电芬顿技术的主导作用原理，比较分析典型助催化剂的优缺点，并针对机理研究不够透彻、催化剂合成工艺复杂、单一技术不能充分发挥优势等问题，展望其在制备与应用等方面的发展方向，以期为助催化剂强化电芬顿技术去除难降解有机物提供参考。

关键词：电芬顿;助催化剂;难降解有机物;强化去除

中图分类号：X703.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2096-6717（2021）06-0124-10

Abstract： Large amounts of wastewater containing refractory organics would be produced in chemical， pharmaceutical and other industries. This kind of wastewater has complex composition and high toxicity， which has become a puzzle in the field of industrial water treatment. Recent years， electro-Fenton（EF） technology has attracted much attention due to its efficient removal ability towards organic pollutants. However， traditional EF technology still has some shortcomings such as low solubility of iron ions at neutral condition， slow reduction rate of Fe3+ and insufficient hydrogen peroxide production. Fortunately， the problems mentioned above can be effectively fixed by different enhancing methods like adding organic or inorganic ligands， synergistic effects of transition metals， as well as heteroatom-modified carbon materials， enhancing the effect of electro-Fenton technology. This review briefly introduces some latest work focused on the enhancement of EF process via different co-catalysis methods and analyzes their main mechanism. The advantages and disadvantages of typical co-catalysts are compared and analyzed. The main development direction in preparation and application is prospected according to the problems like insufficient mechanism research， complex synthesis process and that single technology cannot give full play to its advantages. This article aims to provide a reference for enhancing the EF removal of refractory organics by co-catalyst.

Keywords： electro-Fenton; co-catalyst; refractory organic; enhance removal

化工、醫药、农药等行业生产过程中产生大量含多环芳烃、卤代烃、杂环类化合物、农药、抗生素等难降解有机物的工业废水，通常具有高毒性、高盐分等特征，已成为工业水处理领域的难点[1-2]。

对于工业废水中难降解有机物，通常采用氧化法、物化法等技术处理。近年来，高级氧化技术因作用效率高、适用范围广等优势而获得快速发展，其中以羟基自由基（HO·）为主导的芬顿氧化技术受到持续关注，但因H2O2利用率低、Fe2+用量大以及大量铁泥后续处置难等问题，限制了其进一步应用推广[3]。……