李洞洞 乙天慈 朱群 金道超
摘 要:通过对贵州植绥螨资源调查,初步明确了贵州省植绥螨科共计7属62种及其栖息植物和分布。基于食性为主的生活习性归类方法分析了贵州植绥螨现知种的资源特性,将之分为4种类型:Ⅰ型(专一性捕食螨)1种,代表种为竹盲走螨Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) bambusae Ehara,1964;Ⅱ型(叶螨类选择性捕食螨)25种,代表种为拟长刺钝绥螨Amblyseius(Neoseiulus) pseudolongispinosus Xin,Liang et Ke,1981;Ⅲ型(多食性捕食螨)25种,代表种为草栖钝绥螨Amblyseius(Amblyseius) herbicolus Chant,1959;Ⅳ型(嗜食花粉的捕食者)11种,代表种为尼氏真绥螨Euseius nicholsi Ehara et Lee,1971。
关键词:植绥螨科;资源;生物学习性;贵州省
中图分类号:S433
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1008-0457(2021)04-0001-11
国际DOI编码:10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2021.04.001
Abstract:Based on the preliminary comprehensive investigation of phytoseiid mite resources in Guizhou,a total of 62 phytoseiid species in 7 genera with information of habitat vegetation and distribution were reported in this paper.By using the classification method on the basis of dietary habits,the resource properties of the known phytoseiid mites in Guizhou were analyzed and divided into four types:type Ⅰ(Specialized mite predators) with only one species,Typhlodromus(Anthoseius) bambusae Ehara,1964;type Ⅱ(selective predators of tetranychid mites) consisting of 25 species,of which Amblyseius(Neoseiulus) pseudolongispinosus Xin,Liang et Ke,1981 was representatives;type Ⅲ(generalist predators) also consisting of 25 species,of which Amblyseius(Amblyseius) herbicolus Chant,1959 was representatives;type Ⅳ(Pollen feeding generalist predators) including 11 species,of which Euseius nicholsi Ehara et Lee,1971 was typical species.
Keywords:Phytoseiidae;resources;biological habit;Guizhou province
根據KRANTA[1]的分类系统,植绥螨科Phytoseiidae隶属于蜱螨亚纲Acari、中气门目Mesostigmata、植绥螨总科Phytoseioidea。植绥螨是自然界常见的天敌类群,能控制叶螨、瘿螨、蓟马、粉虱、木虱等多种小型吸汁性有害生物[2],作为一类十分有价值的天敌资源,已受到世界各国的广泛重视。
植绥螨科是螨类中物种丰富、分布广泛的大类群之一。据统计,世界植绥螨已知91属2709种[3],中国已知植绥螨种类共15属307种[4]。而云贵高原生物资源丰富、生境复杂,有利于植绥螨资源分化发展。在收集已有资料的基础上,对贵州省典型地区或生境的植绥螨资源作了调查,结合调查结果及前人研究,详列了贵州省共计7属62种名录及栖境和分布,以食性为主的生物学特性归类方法进行了分类,阐述了它们的资源禀性和应用潜力。
1 材料与方法
1.1 贵州省植绥螨物种调查
1.1.1 标本采集
震落法:用棍棒敲打植物枝叶,使栖息其上的螨类落下承接的黑布上,然后用0号狼毫毛笔蘸少许奥氏液粘取植绥螨于保存液中。……