纯电动汽车驱动系统的技术现状与发展趋势

尹彦秋 张俊深

摘要：发展新能源汽车，已然成为我国汽车产业由大向强，实现弯道超车的必然选择。自2012年7月国务院发布实施节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划以来，我国新能源汽车产业技术得到显著提升，产业体系日趋完善，产销量和保有量连续多年保持世界第一，新能源汽车尤其是纯电动汽车发展成绩显著，已成为引领全球汽车产业转型发展的中坚力量。本文从纯电动汽车结构驱动控制技术、驱动电机和减速器等技术角度总结了纯电动汽车驱动系统的发展现状，探讨了当前纯电动汽车驱动系统相关技术所面临的技术难点和未来发展方向。

Abstract： The development of new energy vehicles has become an inevitable choice for my country's auto industry to grow stronger and achieve overtaking in corners. Since the State Council released the implementation of the energy-saving and new energy automobile industry development plan in July 2012， my country's new energy automobile industry technology has been significantly improved， the industrial system has become increasingly complete， and the production and sales volume and ownership have remained the world’s number one for many consecutive years. New energy vehicles in particular The development of pure electric vehicles has achieved remarkable results and has become the backbone of leading the transformation and development of the global automotive industry. This article summarizes the development status of pure electric vehicle drive system from the technical perspective of pure electric vehicle structure drive control technology， drive motor and reducer， and discusses the technical difficulties and future development directions of current pure electric vehicle drive system related technologies.

关键词：纯电动汽车;驱动技术;控制技术;减速器

Key words： pure electric vehicle;drive technology;control technology;reducer

中图分类号：U463.1                        文献标识码：A                   文章编号：1674-957X（2021）17-0215-03

0  引言

当前，全球能源结构和社会运行方式正朝着革命性、颠覆新方向转变，新一轮汽车科技和产业革命已经蓬勃发展，这些都使得新能源汽车产业面临前所未有的发展机遇，各国政府为确保本国成为引领世界汽车产业转型的重要力量，纷纷出台相关政策法规积极引导本国新能源汽车产业发展，鼓励新能源汽车的技术研究与产业化应用，并通过对传统燃油车的禁售，来加速这一转型进程。

纯电动汽车作为一种典型的高新技术产品，集成了机械、电子、电化学、能源与新材料、计算机科学、信息技术等多种高新技术于一体，具备结构简单、使用维护保养方便，在行驶过程中污染物零排放、低噪声、 高传动效率等特点，成为当前汽车产业的创新热点和发展方向。……